Default Style in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions
LEMDO has developed a default stylesheet by looking at many playbooks, consulting
Claire M. L. Bourne’s Typographies of Performance in Early Modern England, and using the measurements she generously shared with us. This stylesheet is applied
to all documents with the category
"letSemiDiplomatic".Rationale
Generally speaking, printed playbooks are composited and laid out similarly on the
printed page. Our default stylesheet captures most key features of this composition
and allows for a nice on-screen approximation of an early modern book. Although it
typically gives appropriate base styling for the layout of most playbooks, you will
usually use it in conjunction with more granular styling, including file-wide styling
in your
<tagsDecl>
element and inline styling done using the
@style and
@rendition attributes.Because our default styling is written in a different file from your semi-diplomatic
transcription, it is important that you update your
<encodingDesc>
and
<editorialDecl>
elements in your semi-diplomatic file. See Practice: Update Your Encoding Descriptionfor more information.
Practice: Use Default Style
LEMDO’s default stylesheet will be applied to your semi-diplomatic transcription at
rendering time. It will likely generally capture the composition and mise-en-page
of your playbook, though you will still need to describe more specific style such
as stage direction placement using file-wide or inline styling mechanisms. In most
cases, our default stylesheet will make your text readable and usable, but it will
not capture all of the bibliographical details of your specific playbook.
Our default stylesheet relies on truthful and correct encoding in your semi-diplomatic
transcription. If the HTML output does not look right, check your encoding. For example,
if a line is not beginning where it should, check that you have put the
<lb>
element in the correct place.If your playbook has deviations from most other playbooks and your anthology is interested in capturing mise-en-page, this default styling will
still apply to your semi-diplomatic transcription at rendering time. You can apply
additional styling to capture any deviations. See
Encode File-Wide Style in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptionsand
Encode Inline Style Using Pre-Formed Values in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions.
Table of Default Renditions
| Playbook Feature | Element | Styling |
| Title page |
<titlePage>
|
Renders centered |
| Speech prefixes |
<speaker>
|
Renders italic, indented, and on the same line as the following speech with one space between the speech prefix and following speech |
| Speech |
<ab>
as a child of
<sp>
|
On the same line as the preceding speech prefix |
| Two speeches on the same line |
<sp>
followed by an
<sp>
with no
<lb>
between the two |
Renders with the second speech to the right; requires inline styling using the
<style>
element if text overlaps; see Encode Inline Style Using Pre-Formed Values in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions |
| Line break |
<lb>
|
Creates a new line; no new lines will render without an
<lb>
element |
| Page beginning |
<pb>
|
Renders as a solid horizontal line with one line of padding on either side |
| Column beginning |
<cb>
|
Renders as a dotted horizontal line with one line of padding on either side |
| Figures |
<figure>
|
Renders centered |
| Headings and other labels |
<label>
|
Renders centered |
| Running Titles |
<fw type="runningTitle">
|
Renders centered in roman type |
| Signature Marks |
<fw type="sig">
|
Renders centered and letterspaced |
| Catchwords |
<fw type="catch">
|
Renders aligned right |
| Horizontal White Space |
<space dim="horizontal" unit="char" quantity="n">
|
Renders with horizontal space equal to the number of ems in the
@quantity attribute |
| Vertical White Space |
<space dim="vertical" unit="line" quantity="n">
|
Renders with vertical space equal to the number of lines in the
@quantity attribute |
| All Stage Directions |
<stage>
|
Renders italic |
| Marginal Stage Directions |
<stage place="plc-right-margin"> and <stage place="plc-left-margin">
|
Renders in the right margin |
| Hungwords: Turnover |
<seg type="turnover">
|
Must be styled using the
@style attribute; see Encode Inline Style Using Pre-Formed Values in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions |
| Hungwords: Turnunder |
<seg type="turnunder">
|
Must be styled using the
@style attribute; see Encode Inline Style Using Pre-Formed Values in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions |
| Editorial corrections |
<supplied>
|
Renders in square brackets |
| Abbreviations |
<abbr>
and
<expan>
as children of
<choice>
|
Renders the text node of
<abbr>
with mouseover displaying Expansion: text node of
|
| Minor compositorial errors |
<sic>
and
<corr>
as children of
<choice>
|
Renders the text node of
<sic>
with mouseover displaying the text node of
<corr>
|
| Name of author |
<signed>
|
Must be styled using file-wide styling; see Encode File-Wide Style in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions |
| Trailers |
<trailer>
|
Renders centered |
| Damaged text |
<gap reason="damage">
|
Renders as a grey box with the text damagein it |
| Illegible text |
<gap reason="illegible">
|
Renders as the characters <…> |
Table of Default Styling for the
@place Attribute
You will encode
@place attributes for all
<stage>
elements excluding hungwords, which then triggers styling from our semi-diplomatic
stylesheet. For information on what values to use, see Placement Taxonomy.
| Placement |
@place Value |
Styling |
| Right |
"plc-right"
|
Renders aligned right |
| Right margin |
"plc-right-margin"
|
Renders in the right margin |
| Right inline |
"plc-right"
|
Renders aligned right |
| Right adjacent |
"plc-right-adjacent"
|
Renders aligned right beside other text |
| Right top |
"plc-right-top"
|
Renders aligned right |
| Right bottom |
"plc-right-bottom"
|
Renders aligned right |
| Left |
"plc-left"
|
Renders aligned left |
| Left margin |
"plc-left-margin"
|
Renders in the right margin |
| Left inline |
"plc-left-inline"
|
Renders aligned left |
| Left top |
"plc-left-top"
|
Renders aligned left |
| Left bottom |
"plc-left-bottom"
|
Renders aligned left |
| Centre |
"plc-centre"
|
Renders centered |
| Centre top |
"plc-centre-top"
|
Renders centered |
| Centre bottom |
"plc-centre-bottom"
|
Renders centered |
| Bottom |
"plc-bottom"
|
No default styling |
| Top |
"plc-top"
|
No default styling |
Special Case: Renditions for Marginal Stage Directions
Stage directions tagged as being in the margin will render in the right margin regardless
of whether the
@place attribute on
<stage>
has the value "plc-right-margin" or "plc-left-margin".LEMDO is not interested in replicating the exact mise-en-page of early modern books.
We provide facsimiles for those who are interested in the exact layout of source playbooks.
Additionally, the online environment is fundamentally different from early modern
printed books—we do not have the same need as early modern compositors to change which
side marginal stage directions appear on based on whether a page is recto or verso
as we do not have recto and verso pages.
You will still truthfully capture which side of the page marginal stage directions
appear on using the value of the
@place attribute. For more information on capturing the placement of stage directions in
semi-diplomatic transcriptions, see Practice: Encode Placement.
Prosopography
Isabella Seales
Isabella Seales is a fourth year undergraduate completing her Bachelor of Arts in
English at the University of Victoria. She has a special interest in Renaissance and
Metaphysical Literature. She is assisting Dr. Jenstad with the MoEML Mayoral Shows
anthology as part of the Undergraduate Student Research Award program.
Janelle Jenstad
Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director
of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.
Joey Takeda
Joey Takeda is LEMDO’s Consulting Programmer and Designer, a role he assumed in 2020
after three years as the Lead Developer on LEMDO.
Mahayla Galliford
Project manager, 2025-present; research assistant, 2021-present. Mahayla Galliford
(she/her) graduated with a BA (Hons with distinction) from the University of Victoria
in 2024. Mahayla’s undergraduate research explored early modern stage directions and
civic water pageantry. Mahayla continues her studies through UVic’s English MA program
and her SSHRC-funded thesis project focuses on editing and encoding girls’ manuscripts,
specifically Lady Rachel Fane’s dramatic entertainments, in collaboration with LEMDO.
Martin Holmes
Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVic’s Humanities Computing and Media
Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities
projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the
Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020.
He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.
Navarra Houldin
Training and Documentation Lead 2025–present. LEMDO project manager 2022–2025. Textual
remediator 2021–present. Navarra Houldin (they/them) completed their BA with a major
in history and minor in Spanish at the University of Victoria in 2022. Their primary
research was on gender and sexuality in early modern Europe and Latin America. They
are continuing their education through an MA program in Gender and Social Justice
Studies at the University of Alberta where they will specialize in Digital Humanities.
Rowan Grayson
Rowan is a BA and MA student in English and Latin American Studies at UNC Charlotte
working on his master’s thesis, a comparative study of the intersections of gender,
sexuality, and race in Brazilian and Dominican science fiction novels. He was a Mitacs
Research Intern with LEMDO at UVic in 2023.
Rylyn Christensen
Rylyn Christensen is an English major at the University of Victoria.
Sofia Spiteri
Sofia Spiteri is currently completing her Bachelor of Arts in History at the University
of Victoria. During the summer of 2023, she had the opportunity to work with LEMDO
as a recipient of the Valerie Kuehne Undergraduate Research Award (VKURA). Her work
with LEMDO primarily includes semi-diplomatic transcriptions for The Winter’s Tale and Mucedorus.
Tracey El Hajj
Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD
from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science
and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched
Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on
Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life.Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.
Bibliography
Bourne, Claire M.L.
Typographies of Performance in Early Modern England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.
Orgography
LEMDO Team (LEMD1)
The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project
director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators,
encoders, and remediating editors.
Metadata
| Authority title | Default Style in Semi-Diplomatic Transcriptions |
| Type of text | Documentation |
| Publisher | University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform |
| Series | Linked Early Modern Drama Online |
| Source |
TEI Customization created by Martin Holmes, Joey Takeda, and Janelle Jenstad; documentation written by members of the LEMDO Team
|
| Editorial declaration | n/a |
| Edition | Released with Linked Early Modern Drama Online 1.0 |
| Encoding description | Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines |
| Document status | prgGenerated |
| Funder(s) | Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada |
| License/availability |
This file is licensed under a CC BY-NC_ND 4.0 license, which means that it is freely downloadable without permission under the following
conditions: (1) credit must be given to the author and LEMDO in any subsequent use
of the files and/or data; (2) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except
in quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (3) commercial
uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the editor and LEMDO.
This license allows for pedagogical use of the documentation in the classroom.
|