LEMDO: Prepare Edition Bibliography

Prepare Edition Bibliography

Rationale

Your edition bibliography is curated by you, but your full entries will live in the sitewide LEMDO bibliography (BIBL1.xml, a file that can be edited only by LEMDO team members at UVic). This system ensures that multiple editions can draw on a centralized bibliography but also gives editors great flexibility in how they organize their own edition bibliographies.

Practice

Your first task is to gather the information the LEMDO team needs to create entries for you in BIBL1. Entries need to capture the key pieces of bibliographic information that give credit where credit is due and allow others to find the source.

For recent secondary sources, you will need to provide at least the following information:

Author(s) and/or Editor(s)

Title(s)

Publisher (but not place, which is increasingly difficult to capture given global publishing companies)

Date

You will also need to give relevant identification numbers or record numbers as follows:

DOI (if the source has been published digitally and registered with Cross-Ref)

WSB record number (if the source has been listed in the World Shakespeare Bibliography)

DEEP number

STC number

URL or URI if the item is online

For a full list of authorities whose ids or URIs we can include, see Links to Authorities and Surrogates further down this page.

Make sure that all information is in the correct order and is punctuated and capitalized according to the examples below. The LEMDO team will copy and paste the entry into BIBL1. They will encode the entry but do not generally have time to check the accuracy of your entry; checking accuracy is a job for you, your anthology lead, and peer reviewers.

Alternatively, you can transcribe the information into your edition bibliography file and encode it yourself. The LEMDO team will move your entries into the site-wide BIBL1 file and add a


                                       @corresp

attribute to your bibliography that points to the centralized location. If you are able to undertake this step, you will save the LEMDO team a lot of time. To faciliate your encoding, each entry below is followed by the encoded version of the entry.

Note:

We give the author’s name as it appears in the publication. If the author’s name is spelled out in full, do not initialize it. If the author’s name is given with initials, use the initials.

Issue numbers for articles should be included. Omitting issue numbers is a vestige of print culture, when all the issues of a journal were bound together at the end of the year. Now that we do our searching for articles in online bibliographies and digital collections, the issue number is a key piece of metadata.

The first and last page numbers should be spelled out in full (e.g., 191–192). Note that we follow Chicago 17th ed and use the en dash in number ranges. However, we diverge from MLA and Chicago in that we give all the digits in ranges. Computers are better at processing full numbers.

Note that we have a separate bibliography for stage productions and films (PROD1.xml), mainly because BIBL1 and PROD1 are enormous databases. Entries from PROD1 are included in your edition the same way that you include entries from BIBL1. To learn how to cite plays and movies, see Prepare Production Database Entries.

Examples

Book

Loomba, Ania. Gender, Race, Renaissance Drama. Manchester UP, 1989. WSB af334.

Shakespeare Plays

When writing an entry for The Arden Shakespeare, the series number should follow "The Arden Shakespeare" with no puntuation:

Clark, Sandra, and Pamela Mason, eds. Macbeth. By WIlliam Shakespeare. The Arden Shakespeare 3rd series. London: Bloomsbury, 2015.

When you want to point to or cite a scene or speech in a Shakespeare play, cite from The New Oxford Shakespeare. See Cite Shakespeare for more information on citing Shakespeare.

Taylor, Gary, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan, eds. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2016. WSB aaag2304.

Edited Collection

Desmet, Christy, Natalie Loper, and Jim Casey, eds. Shakespeare/Not Shakespeare. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. WSB aaah248.

Multivolume Work

Nelson, Alan H., ed. Records of Early English Drama: Cambridge. 2 vols. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989.

One Volume of a Multivolume Work

Hazlitt, W. Carew. A Select Collection of Old English Plays. Originally Published by Robert Dodsley in the Year 1744. 4th ed. Vol. 1. London: Reeves and Turner, 1874.

Note that for important reference volumes and collections, we usually have one entry for the entire collection as well as entries for each volume in the collection.

Edited and Translated Collection

Gesta Henrici Quinti. Ed. and trans. Frank Taylor and John S. Roskell. Clarendon Press, 1975.

Chapter in Edited Collection

Grandage, Sarah, and Julie Sanders. Shakespeare at a Distance. Shakespeare and the Digital World. Redefining Scholarship and Practice. Ed. Christie Carson and Peter Kirwan. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014. 75-86. WSB bbbd498.

<bibl>
<author>Grandage, Sarah</author>, and <author>Julie Sanders</author>. <title level="a">Shakespeare at a Distance</title>. <title level="m">Shakespeare and the Digital World</title>. <title level="s">Redefining Scholarship and Practice</title>. Ed. <editor>Christie Carson</editor> and <editor>Peter Kirwan</editor>. <pubPlace>Cambridge</pubPlace>: <publisher>Cambridge UP</publisher>, <date>2014</date>. 75-86. WSB <idno type="WSB">bbbd498</idno>.</bibl>

Specific Edition

Bevington, David, ed. The Complete Works of Shakespeare. 7th ed. Pearson, 2013. WSB aaac19.

Journal Article

Hope, Jonathan, and Laura Wright. Female Education in Shakespeare’s Stratford and Stratfordian Contacts in Shakespeare’s London. Notes and Queries 43.2 (1996): 149-150. WSB b0367. DOI 10.1093/nq/43.2.149.

Journal With Multiple Series

Hoppe, Harry R. John Wolfe, Printer and Publisher, 1579-1601. The Library. 4th series, 14 (1933): 241-288.

Dictionary in LEME

Thomas, Thomas. Dictionarium Linguae Latinae et Anglicanae. Printed by Thomae Thomasii for Richardum Boyle. Cambridge, 1587. STC 24008. LEME 179.

ODNB Article

Give the version date of the revision (not the date you access the page) and the DOI of the page.

Griffiths, R. A. Henry VI (1421–1471), King of England and Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press, 2015-05-28. DOI 10.1093/ref:odnb/12953.

Newspaper Article

Covent-Garden Theatre. The Times. 11 April 1833. 3.

Dissertations and Theses

Indicate the institution where the dissertation was written and the year the degree was awarded. Give the WSB number if there is one (as is likely the case for dissertations about Shakespeare). Point users to Dissertation Abstracts International if there is an abstract therein.

Cockett, Peter Incongruity, Humour and Early English Comic Figures: Armin’s Natural Fools, the Vice, and Tarlton the Clown. University of Toronto. Doctorial dissertation, 2001.

Demeter, Jason M. Civil Rights Shakespeares: Race, Education, and Nation in Postwar America. George Washington University. Doctoral dissertation, 2015. WSB bbbe2. See Dissertation Abstracts International 7.75.

Early Printed Books

Our bibliographies are meant to help users find the source. We are not aiming to give diplomatic transcriptions of titles. Silently modernize the titles of early printed books by normalizing the usage of long s, u/v, i/j, vv/w, and VV/W. Retain other peculiarities of spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. If the book has a corresponding STC entry, use the title as it appears there. If no STC record exists, use the title from the ESTC and include the ESTC number. You may also confer with the LEMDO team if further guidance is needed.

Peele, George. THE BATTELL OF ALCAZAR. Edward Allde, 1594. STC 19531. DEEP 195. ESTC S110337.

Specific Copy of Early Printed Book

Give the shelf number and/or a permalink to the library catalogue entry. You need to spell out the URL of the permalink so that we can copy it into our hyperlink.

Dekker, Thomas and Thomas Middleton. THE Converted Curtezan With, The Humours of the Patient Man, and the Longing Wife. Valentine Simmes, 1604. STC 6501.5. DEEP 363. ESTC S120001. Bodleian Mal. 219 (2)

Reprinted Book or Article

When you give us your bibliography to encode, indicate exactly which reprint you cite. If you are citing from multiple reprints, create one entry for each reprint. Because we all share a centralized bibliography, we have separate entries for each reprint if there are multiple reprints of a work. Do not create an omnibus entry that lists all of the reprints. The first entry would allow you to cite the 1937 first publication. The second entry below would allow you to cite the 1952 reprint. The third entry below would allow you to cite the 2008 Faber reprint. Each entry will get its own unique identifier in the LEMDO centralized bibliography.

Leavis, F.R. Diabolical Intellect and the Noble Hero; or The Sentimentalist Othello. Scrutiny 6 (1937).

Leavis, F.R. Diabolical Intellect and the Noble Hero; or The Sentimentalist Othello. Scrutiny 6 (1937); rpt. The Common Pursuit. Chatto & Windus, 1952.

Leavis, F.R. Diabolical Intellect and the Noble Hero; or The Sentimentalist Othello. Scrutiny 6 (1937); rpt. Faber, 2008. 136-159.

Article in a Named Special Issue

When citing an article that appears in a special issue, include the title of the special issue and its editors in parentheses after the journal title.

Cottegnies, Line. The Saint-Omer Folio in Its Library. Special issue of Cahiers Élisabéthains (New Perspectives on Shakespeare’s First Folio, ed. Line Cottegnies and Jean-Christophe Mayer) 93.1 (2017): 13–32. WSB bbbg2027.

Hirsch, Brett D., and Hugh Craig. “Mingled Yarn”: The State of Computing in Shakespeare 2.0. Digital Shakespeares: Innovations, Interventions, Mediations. Special issue of The Shakespearean International Yearbook (ed. Hugh Craig and Brett D. Hirsch) 14 (2014): 3-35.

To site a special issue in its entirety:

Cottegines, Line and Jean–Christophe Mayer, eds. New Perspectives on Shakespeare’s First Folio. Special issue of Cahiers Élisabéthains 93.1 (2017).

Links to Authority IDs

At the end of each bibliographic entry, add the ID numbers given to the item by catalogues and databases, if such numbers are available.

The following table outlines the possible resources that can be added to your bibliography entries.

@xml:id	Name	Description
BEEED	BEEED	Bibliography of Editions of Early English Drama.
BBTI	BBTI	British Book Trade Index.
BritDrama	BritDrama	Number in Wiggins and Richardson, British Drama 1533–1642: A Catalogue.
call	Call Number	Library call number or shelf mark.
DEEP	DEEP	Database of Early English Playbooks: http://deep.sas.upenn.edu.
DOI	DOI	Digital Object Identifier.
EMDP	EMDP	Identifier given to playbook or paratext in the Folger SQL database version of Early Modern Dramatic Paratexts.
TCP-GIT	TCP-Github	TCP Github Number.
EEBO-CITATION	EEBO-CITATION	EEBO Citation Number.
EEBO-VID	EEBO-VID	EEBO Image Identifier.
ESTC	ESTC	English Short Title Catalogue: estc.bl.uk.
Greg	Greg	W.W.Greg’s A Bibliography of English Printed Drama to the Restoration.
GB	GB	Google Books.
ISBN	ISBN	International Standard Book Number.
LEME	LEME	Lexicons of Early Modern English: leme.library.utoronto.ca/lexicons.
Mar_Census	Marlowe Census	Marlowe Census, ed. Rob Carson (https://www.marlowecensus.org/)
Murphy	Murphy	Murphy, Andrew.
OCLC	OCLC	World Cat.
oldURI	Old URI	The old URI of a document for legacy purposes; this should only be used for documents that had a previous existence as an ISE, DRE, or QME text.
LEMDO	LEMDO	The current canonical URI of a modern edition of a play on the LEMDO site. This is used in the print edition of a play to provide a URL for readers to go from print to online.
PROQUEST	PROQUEST	Proquest.
ShakCensus	Shakespeare Census	Shakespeare Census, ed. Adam G. Hooks and Zachary Lesser (https://shakespearecensus.org/)
sigla	Sigla	The sigla for a bibliographic item in the collation.
STC	STC	Short Title Catalogue.
TCP	TCP	Text Creation Partnership.
URI	URI	Universal Resource Identifier.
Wing	Wing	Wing.
WSB	WSB	World Shakespeare Bibliography.

DEEP

The Database of Early English Playbooks, prepared by Zachary Lesser and Alan Farmer, offers information about all early modern printed playbooks (i.e., publications). Each publication has a unique DEEP number. DEEP numbers are more reliable than Greg numbers because Lesser and Farmer have corrected a number of errors, duplications, and conflations in Greg.

DOI

The Digital Object Identifier system (managed by Cross-Ref) assigns a unique number to every digital object. Libraries and journals have to apply (and pay) for DOIs, so not all digital objects have them. A digital object may be distributed by multiple content providers on multiple platforms (e.g., EBSCO, Wiley Online, Project Muse), but the DOI will be the same regardless of the distributor or platform. If you know the DOI of an object, you can plug the DOI into the Cross-Ref website to get full information about the object. (For webpages and RDF entities, a URI does the same work that a DOI does for other digital objects.)

ESTC

The English Short Title Catalogue is a digital union catalogue that lists all the books printed in England from the beginning of print up to the year 1800. It includes all of the STC, Wing, and 18th-century books.

Google Books

Google Books searches the text of sources that have been scanned, converted, and stored by Google. Note that it is very difficult to find precisely the right edition (and volume thereof) in Google Books. Furthermore, sources in Google Books have URIs but not IDs. Rather than claim a certain relationship between the work cited and a digital surrogate on Google Books, merely point towards your best guess. If Google Books does not have the scan, and if there is any other ID number we can cite, there is no value in pointing to Google Books at all.

Murphy, Andrew

Murphy numbers are the numbers given to editions in the Chronological Appendix in Andrew Murphy’s Shakespeare in Print: A History and Chronology of Shakespeare Publishing (Cambridge UP, 2003). Murphy numbers are useful for designating with precision which 18th-century or 19th-century edition you are citing.

STC

A Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland and Ireland and of English Books Printed Abroad 1475-1640—now known as the Short Title Catalogue or STC—is a collection edited by Alfred W. Pollard and Gilbert Richard Redgrave. First published by the Bibliographical Society in 1926, it has now become a useful tool for those who work with printed sources before the English Civil War. We cite from the three-volume 2nd edition of the STC.

TCP

The Text Creation Partnership is a joint venture by the University of Michigan Library, Bodleian Libraries at the University of Oxford, ProQuest, and the Council on Library and Information Resources. The TCP allows libraries to pool their resources to create accurate, searchable, full-text transcriptions of early print books. These transcriptions can be found on Early English Books Online, now distributed through ProQuest.

TCP-GIT

The Text Creation Partnership Github Number refers to the Github number of the texts created by the TCP. These texts are now open-access and freely downloadable. Note that TCP texts are encoded in TEI P4. LEMDO has written a conversion program that converts the TCP’s encoding to LEMDO’s TEI P5. If you are preparing a semi-diplomatic transcription, you may ask LEMDO to create a base text for you from the TCP text. You must give us the correct Github number so that we convert the right file for you. You will need to do a lot of clean-up on the TCP text to bring it in line with the specific copy you are transcribing, to supply the many gaps left by TCP transcribers, and to correct errors in the TCP transcription.

URI

A Uniform Resource Indicator is a unique sequence of characters that identifies a resource used by web technologies. URLs are often generated from URIs. (A URL is an address on the web). A URI identifies a specific resource, which can be posted at one or more addresses and/or moved to a new address. Example: the URI of this page is learn_editionBibliography. Its public-facing URL is https://lemdo.uvic.ca/learn_editionBibliography.html (a URL generated from the URI). It has another URL (also generated from the URI) where you can see this page on the development site.

WSB

The World Shakespeare Bibliography is the most comprehensive database of Shakespeare-related scholarship and theatrical productions published or produced from 1960 to the present. Each entry has a record number, which is in turn used to generate a URL for the webpage that displays the entry. Including and encoding the WSB number makes it possible for us to link directly to the WSB webpage. (We thank Laura Estill and Heidi Craig, past and current Editors of the WSB, for surfacing their record numbers in this linked-data-friendly way.)

BritDrama

BritDrama and Wiggins and Richardson both refer to the multivolume British Drama 1533-1642: A Catalogue (Oxford UP), prepared by Martin Wiggins in association with Catherine Richardson. The catalogue is still in progress but nearing completion. Vol. IX was published in 2019. The catalogue is organized chronologically and each dramatic work has a unique catalogue number.

Wing

Wing refers to Donald Goddard Wing’s A Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and British America and of the English Books Printed in Other Countries, 1641-1700, a continuation of Pollard and Redgrave’s Short Title Catalogue. Catalogue numbers begin with the first letter of the author’s name or the first letter of the title.

What to Cite for Various Bibliographic Items

The following table outlines what ID numbers you should include for various bibliographic items.

Date	Type of Work	Resource
1475-1640	Non-Dramatic	STC and ESTC
1475-1640	Dramatic	STC, ESTC, DEEP, and BritDrama
1641-1700	Non-Dramatic	Wing and ESTC
1641-1700	Dramatic	Wing and ESTC
1709-1799	Editions of Shakespeare	ESTC and Murphy
1801-1959	Editions of Shakespeare	Murphy and GB (if you consulted a digital surrogate on GoogleBooks)
1801-1959	Criticism	GB (if you consulted it in this form)
1960-Present	Criticism	WSB
n/a (many old print items are being given retroactive DOIs when they are digitized)	Digital Objects	DOI

Links to Open Access Publications

Links to online Open Access (OA) publications—such as OA journals (Early Theatre, EMLS) and OA projects (Map of Early Modern London)—are encouraged. Do not make links to commercial content providers like Wiley, EBSCO, etc. Give the DOI for the objects distributed rather than the link created by the digital distributor(s).

Encode Bibliographic Entries

When your entries conform to the above guidelines and are ready to be added to LEMDO’s bibliography, send them to the LEMDO team at UVic. If you are curious, see Encode Bibliography to learn how the RAs at LEMDO will encode your entries or to learn how to pre-encode the entries for us.

Once your entriesare encoded in BIBL1, you may then encode your edition bibliography file and organize the entries as you have been directed by your anthology lead. See Encode Edition Bibliography.

Prosopography

Isabella Seales

Isabella Seales is a fourth year undergraduate completing her Bachelor of Arts in English at the University of Victoria. She has a special interest in Renaissance and Metaphysical Literature. She is assisting Dr. Jenstad with the MoEML Mayoral Shows anthology as part of the Undergraduate Student Research Award program.

Janelle Jenstad

Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.

Joey Takeda

Joey Takeda is LEMDO’s Consulting Programmer and Designer, a role he assumed in 2020 after three years as the Lead Developer on LEMDO.

Kate LeBere

Project Manager, 2020–2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019–2020. Textual Remediator and Encoder, 2019–2021. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. During her degree she published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet during the Russian Cultural Revolution. She is currently a student at the University of British Columbia’s iSchool, working on her masters in library and information science.

Mahayla Galliford

Project manager, 2025-present; research assistant, 2021-present. Mahayla Galliford (she/her) graduated with a BA (Hons with distinction) from the University of Victoria in 2024. Mahayla’s undergraduate research explored early modern stage directions and civic water pageantry. Mahayla continues her studies through UVic’s English MA program and her SSHRC-funded thesis project focuses on editing and encoding girls’ manuscripts, specifically Lady Rachel Fane’s dramatic entertainments, in collaboration with LEMDO.

Martin Holmes

Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVic’s Humanities Computing and Media Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020. He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.

Navarra Houldin

Training and Documentation Lead 2025–present. LEMDO project manager 2022–2025. Textual remediator 2021–present. Navarra Houldin (they/them) completed their BA with a major in history and minor in Spanish at the University of Victoria in 2022. Their primary research was on gender and sexuality in early modern Europe and Latin America. They are continuing their education through an MA program in Gender and Social Justice Studies at the University of Alberta where they will specialize in Digital Humanities.

Nicole Vatcher

Technical Documentation Writer, 2020–2022. Nicole Vatcher completed her BA (Hons.) in English at the University of Victoria in 2021. Her primary research focus was women’s writing in the modernist period.

Rylyn Christensen

Rylyn Christensen is an English major at the University of Victoria.

Tracey El Hajj

Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life. Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.

Orgography

LEMDO Team (LEMD1)

The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators, encoders, and remediating editors.

Metadata

Authority title	Prepare Edition Bibliography
Type of text	Documentation
Publisher	University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform
Series	Linked Early Modern Drama Online
Source	TEI Customization created by Martin Holmes, Joey Takeda, and Janelle Jenstad; documentation written by members of the LEMDO Team
Editorial declaration	n/a
Edition	Released with Linked Early Modern Drama Online 1.0
Encoding description	Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines
Document status	prgGenerated
Funder(s)	Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
License/availability	This file is licensed under a CC BY-NC_ND 4.0 license, which means that it is freely downloadable without permission under the following conditions: (1) credit must be given to the author and LEMDO in any subsequent use of the files and/or data; (2) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except in quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (3) commercial uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the editor and LEMDO. This license allows for pedagogical use of the documentation in the classroom.