Galatea
The Prologue
Pro.Sp1Prologue
Ios and Smyrna were two sweet cities, the first named of
the violet, the latter of the myrrh. Homer was born in the one and buried in the other. Your Majesty’s judgment and favour are our sun and shadow, the one coming of your
deep wisdom, the other of your wonted grace. We in all humility desire that by the former receiving our first breath, we may, in the latter, take our last rest.
Augustus Caesar had such piercing eyes that whoso looked on him was constrained to
wink. Your Highness hath so perfect a judgment that, whatsoever we offer, we are enforced
to blush. Yet as the Athenians were most curious that the lawn wherewith Minerva was covered should be without spot or wrinkle, so have we endeavored with all care
that what we present Your Highness should neither offend in scene nor syllable — knowing that as in the ground where gold groweth nothing will prosper but gold, so in Your Majesty’s mind, where nothing doth harbor
but virtue, nothing can enter but virtue.
the violet, the latter of the myrrh. Homer was born in the one and buried in the other. Your Majesty’s judgment and favour are our sun and shadow, the one coming of your
deep wisdom, the other of your wonted grace. We in all humility desire that by the former receiving our first breath, we may, in the latter, take our last rest.
Augustus Caesar had such piercing eyes that whoso looked on him was constrained to
wink. Your Highness hath so perfect a judgment that, whatsoever we offer, we are enforced
to blush. Yet as the Athenians were most curious that the lawn wherewith Minerva was covered should be without spot or wrinkle, so have we endeavored with all care
that what we present Your Highness should neither offend in scene nor syllable — knowing that as in the ground where gold groweth nothing will prosper but gold, so in Your Majesty’s mind, where nothing doth harbor
but virtue, nothing can enter but virtue.1.1
Enter Tityrus and Galatea disguised as a boy. They sit under an oak tree.
1.1.Sp1Tityrus
The sun doth beat upon the plain fields. Wherefore let us sit down, Galatea, under this fair oak, by whose broad leaves
being defended from the warm beams we may enjoy the fresh air, which softly breathes
from Humber floods.
fields. Wherefore let us sit down, Galatea, under this fair oak, by whose broad leaves
being defended from the warm beams we may enjoy the fresh air, which softly breathes
from Humber floods.1.1.Sp2Galatea
Father, you have devised well. And whilst our flock doth roam up and down this pleasant
green, you shall recount to me, if it please you, for what cause this tree was dedicated
unto Neptune, and why you have thus disguised me.
1.1.Sp3Tityrus
I do agree thereto, and, when thy state and my care be considered, thou shalt know
this question was not asked in vain.
1.1.Sp5Tityrus
In times past, where thou see’st a heap of small pebble stood a stately temple of
white marble, which was dedicated to the God of the Sea, and in right, being so near the sea. Hither came all such as either ventured by long travel to
see countries or by great traffic to use merchandise, offering sacrifice by fire to get safety by water, yielding thanks for perils past
and making prayers for good success to come. But Fortune, constant in nothing but
inconstancy, did change her copy, as the people their custom; for, the land being oppressed by Danes — who instead of
sacrifice committed sacrilege, instead of religion rebellion, and made a prey of that in which they should have made their prayers, tearing down the temple even
with the earth, being almost equal with the skies — enraged so the god who binds the winds in the hollows of the earth that he caused the seas to break their bounds sith men had broke their vows, and to swell as far above their reach as men had swerved
beyond their reason. Then might you see ships sail where sheep fed, anchors cast where
ploughs go, fishermen throw their nets where husbandmen sow their corn, and fishes throw their scales where fowls do breed their quills. Then might you gather froth where now is dew, rotten weeds for sweet roses, and take view of monstrous mermaids instead of passing fair maids.
, being so near the sea. Hither came all such as either ventured by long travel to
see countries or by great traffic to use merchandise, offering sacrifice by fire to get safety by water, yielding thanks for perils past
and making prayers for good success to come. But Fortune, constant in nothing but
inconstancy, did change her copy, as the people their custom; for, the land being oppressed by Danes — who instead of
sacrifice committed sacrilege, instead of religion rebellion, and made a prey of that in which they should have made their prayers, tearing down the temple even
with the earth, being almost equal with the skies — enraged so the god who binds the winds in the hollows of the earth that he caused the seas to break their bounds sith men had broke their vows, and to swell as far above their reach as men had swerved
beyond their reason. Then might you see ships sail where sheep fed, anchors cast where
ploughs go, fishermen throw their nets where husbandmen sow their corn, and fishes throw their scales where fowls do breed their quills. Then might you gather froth where now is dew, rotten weeds for sweet roses, and take view of monstrous mermaids instead of passing fair maids.1.1.Sp7Tityrus
But at the last our countrymen repenting, and not too late, because at last Neptune,
either weary of his wroth or wary to do them wrong, upon condition consented to ease their miseries.
or wary to do them wrong, upon condition consented to ease their miseries.1.1.Sp9Tityrus
The condition was this: that at every five years’ day, the fairest and chastest virgin in all the country should be brought unto this tree,
and, here being bound (whom neither parentage shall excuse for honor, nor virtue for
integrity), is left for a peace-offering unto Neptune.
, the fairest and chastest virgin in all the country should be brought unto this tree,
and, here being bound (whom neither parentage shall excuse for honor, nor virtue for
integrity), is left for a peace-offering unto Neptune.1.1.Sp11Tityrus
I am not able to say that, but he sendeth a monster called the Agar, against whose coming the waters roar, the fowls fly away, and the cattle in the field for terror shun the banks.
, but he sendeth a monster called the Agar, against whose coming the waters roar, the fowls fly away, and the cattle in the field for terror shun the banks.1.1.Sp15Tityrus
Whether she be devoured of him, or conveyed to Neptune, or drowned between both, it is not permitted to know, and
incurreth danger to conjecture. Now, Galatea, here endeth my tale and beginneth thy
tragedy.
, or conveyed to Neptune, or drowned between both, it is not permitted to know, and
incurreth danger to conjecture. Now, Galatea, here endeth my tale and beginneth thy
tragedy.1.1.Sp17Tityrus
I would thou hadst been less fair or more fortunate. Then shouldst thou not repine
that I have disguised thee in this attire, for thy beauty will make thee to be thought
worthy of this god. To avoid therefore destiny (for wisdom ruleth the stars), I think
it better to use an unlawful means, your honor preserved, than intolerable grief, both life and honor hazarded; and to prevent,
if it be possible, thy constellation by my craft. Now hast thou heard the custom of this country, the cause why this tree
was dedicated unto Neptune, and the vexing care of thy fearful father.
preserved, than intolerable grief, both life and honor hazarded; and to prevent,
if it be possible, thy constellation by my craft. Now hast thou heard the custom of this country, the cause why this tree
was dedicated unto Neptune, and the vexing care of thy fearful father.1.1.Sp18Galatea
Father, I have been attentive to hear, and by your patience am ready to answer. Destiny
may be deferred, not prevented; and therefore it were better to offer myself in triumph
than to be drawn to it with dishonor. Hath nature (as you say) made me so fair above all, and shall not virtue make me as famous as others? Do you not know, or doth overcarefulness
make you forget, that an honorable death is to be preferred before an infamous life?
I am but a child, and have not lived long, and yet not so childish as I desire to live ever. Virtues I mean to carry to my grave, not grey hairs. I would
I were as sure that destiny would light on me as I am resolved it could not fear me. Nature hath given me beauty, virtue courage; nature must yield me death, virtue honor. Suffer me therefore to die, for which I was born, or let me curse that I was born, sith I may not die for it.
to it with dishonor. Hath nature (as you say) made me so fair above all, and shall not virtue make me as famous as others? Do you not know, or doth overcarefulness
make you forget, that an honorable death is to be preferred before an infamous life?
I am but a child, and have not lived long, and yet not so childish as I desire to live ever. Virtues I mean to carry to my grave, not grey hairs. I would
I were as sure that destiny would light on me as I am resolved it could not fear me. Nature hath given me beauty, virtue courage; nature must yield me death, virtue honor. Suffer me therefore to die, for which I was born, or let me curse that I was born, sith I may not die for it.1.1.Sp19Tityrus
Alas, Galatea, to consider the causes of change thou art too young, and that I should
find them out for thee, too too fortunate.
.1.1.Sp21Tityrus
To gain love, the gods have taken shapes of beasts, and to save life art thou coy to take the attire of men?
, and to save life art thou coy to take the attire of men?1.1.Sp23Tityrus
Exeunt.
In health it is easy to counsel the sick, but it’s hard for the sick to follow wholesome
counsel. Well, let us depart. The day is far spent.
1.2
Enter Cupid and a Nymph of Diana.
1.2.Sp1Cupid
Fair nymph, are you strayed from your company by chance, or love you to wander solitarily
on purpose?
1.2.Sp2Nymph
Fair boy, or god, or whatever you be, I would you knew these woods are to me so well
known that I cannot stray though I would, and my mind so free that to be melancholy I have no cause. There is none
of Diana’s train that any can train, either out of their way or out of their wits.
though I would, and my mind so free that to be melancholy I have no cause. There is none
of Diana’s train that any can train, either out of their way or out of their wits.1.2.Sp5Cupid
I pray thee, sweet wench, amongst all your sweet troop is there not one that followeth
the sweetest thing, sweet love?
1.2.Sp7Cupid
A heat full of coldness, a sweet full of bitterness, a pain full of pleasantness,
which maketh thoughts have eyes and hearts ears, bred by desire, nursed by delight, weaned by jealousy, killed by dissembling, buried
by ingratitude; and this is love. Fair lady, will you any?
ears, bred by desire, nursed by delight, weaned by jealousy, killed by dissembling, buried
by ingratitude; and this is love. Fair lady, will you any?1.2.Sp10Nymph
Exit.
I have neither will nor leisure, but I will follow Diana in the chase, whose virgins
are all chaste, delighting in the bow that wounds the swift hart in the forest, not fearing the bow that strikes the soft heart in the chamber. This difference is between my mistress Diana and your mother (as I guess) Venus: that all her nymphs are amiable and wise in their kind, the other amorous and too kind for their sex. And so farewell, little god.
that wounds the swift hart in the forest, not fearing the bow that strikes the soft heart in the chamber. This difference is between my mistress Diana and your mother (as I guess) Venus: that all her nymphs are amiable and wise in their kind, the other amorous and too kind for their sex. And so farewell, little god.1.2.Sp11Cupid
Exit.
Diana, and thou, and all thine, shall know that Cupid is a great god. I will practice awhile in these woods, and play such pranks with these nymphs that, while they aim
to hit others with their arrows, they shall be wounded themselves with their own eyes.
awhile in these woods, and play such pranks with these nymphs that, while they aim
to hit others with their arrows, they shall be wounded themselves with their own eyes.1.3
Enter Melibeus and Phillida.
1.3.Sp1Melibeus
Come, Phillida, fair Phillida, and I fear me too fair, being my Phillida: thou knowest
the custom of this country, and I the greatness of thy beauty; we both the fierceness of the monster Agar. Everyone thinketh his own child fair, but I know
that which I most desire and would least have, that thou art fairest. Thou shalt therefore disguise thyself in attire, lest I should
disguise myself in affection, in suffering thee to perish by a fond desire whom I may preserve by a sure deceit.
the fierceness of the monster Agar. Everyone thinketh his own child fair, but I know
that which I most desire and would least have, that thou art fairest. Thou shalt therefore disguise thyself in attire, lest I should
disguise myself in affection, in suffering thee to perish by a fond desire whom I may preserve by a sure deceit.1.3.Sp2Phillida
Dear father, nature could not make me so fair as she hath made you kind, nor you more
kind than me dutiful. Whatsoever you command I will not refuse, because you command
nothing but my safety and your happiness. But how shall I be disguised?
father, nature could not make me so fair as she hath made you kind, nor you more
kind than me dutiful. Whatsoever you command I will not refuse, because you command
nothing but my safety and your happiness. But how shall I be disguised?1.3.Sp6Phillida
For then I must keep company with boys, and commit follies unseemly for my sex; or
keep company with girls, and be thought more wanton than becometh. Besides, I shall be ashamed of my long hose and short coat, and so unwarily blab out something by blushing at everything.
. Besides, I shall be ashamed of my long hose and short coat, and so unwarily blab out something by blushing at everything.1.3.Sp9Melibeus
Exeunt.
Come let us in, and, when thou art disguised, roam about these woods till the time
be past and Neptune pleased.
.1.4
Enter Mariner, Rafe, Robin, and Dick.1.4.Sp3Rafe
I take no pleasure in it. Of all deaths. I would not be drowned. One’s clothes will
be so wet when he is taken up.
.1.4.Sp6Rafe
I will rather hang myself on a rafter in the house than be so haled in the sea; there one may have a leap for his life. But I marvel how our master speeds.
in the sea; there one may have a leap for his life. But I marvel how our master speeds.1.4.Sp7Dick
I’ll warrant by this time he is wetshod. Did you ever see water bubble as the sea did? But what shall we do?
. Did you ever see water bubble as the sea did? But what shall we do?1.4.Sp8Mariner
You are now in Lincolnshire, where you can want no fowl, if you can devise means to catch them. There be woods hard by, and at every
mile’s end, houses, so that if you seek on the land you shall speed better than on the sea.
no fowl, if you can devise means to catch them. There be woods hard by, and at every
mile’s end, houses, so that if you seek on the land you shall speed better than on the sea.1.4.Sp9Robin
Sea? Nay, I will never sail more. I brook not their diet. Their bread is so hard that one must carry a whetstone in his mouth to
grind his teeth; the meat so salt that one would think after dinner his tongue had been powdered ten days.
their diet. Their bread is so hard that one must carry a whetstone in his mouth to
grind his teeth; the meat so salt that one would think after dinner his tongue had been powdered ten days.1.4.Sp10Rafe
(
To the Mariner
) Oh, thou hast a sweet life, mariner, to be pinned in a few boards, and to be within an inch of a thing bottomless. I pray thee, how often hast thou been drowned?
) Oh, thou hast a sweet life, mariner, to be pinned in a few boards, and to be within an inch of a thing bottomless. I pray thee, how often hast thou been drowned?1.4.Sp12Robin
Why, be they dead that be drowned? I had thought they had been with the fish, and
so by chance been caught up with them in a net again. It were a shame a little cold
water should kill a man of reason, when you shall see a poor minnow lie in it that hath no understanding.
, when you shall see a poor minnow lie in it that hath no understanding.1.4.Sp13Mariner
He turns to leave.Thou art wise from the crown of thy head upwards. Seek you new fortunes now; I will follow mine old. I can shift the moon and the
sun, and know by one card what all you cannot do by a whole pair. The loadstone that always holdeth his nose to the north, the two-and-thirty points for the wind, the wonders I see would
make all you blind. You be but boys. I fear the sea no more than a dish of water.
Why, fools, it is but a liquid element. Farewell.
. Seek you new fortunes now; I will follow mine old. I can shift the moon and the
sun, and know by one card what all you cannot do by a whole pair. The loadstone that always holdeth his nose to the north, the two-and-thirty points for the wind, the wonders I see would
make all you blind. You be but boys. I fear the sea no more than a dish of water.
Why, fools, it is but a liquid element. Farewell.
1.4.Sp14Robin
It were good we learned his cunning at the cards, for we must live by cozenage. We have neither lands, nor wit, nor masters, nor honesty.
, for we must live by cozenage. We have neither lands, nor wit, nor masters, nor honesty.1.4.Sp15Rafe
Nay, I would fain have his thirty-two, that is, his three dozen lacking four points, for you see betwixt us three there is not two good points.
have his thirty-two, that is, his three dozen lacking four points, for you see betwixt us three there is not two good points.1.4.Sp16Dick
. Let us call him a little back that we may learn those points.
(
To the Mariner
) Sirrah, a word. I pray thee show us thy points.
) Sirrah, a word. I pray thee show us thy points.1.4.Sp19Mariner
Then as you like this I will instruct you in all our secrets, for there is not a clout, nor card, nor board, nor post that hath not a special name or singular nature.
, nor card, nor board, nor post that hath not a special name or singular nature.1.4.Sp21Mariner
North. North and by east. North north-east. North-east and by north. North-east. North-east
and by east. East north-east. East and by north. East.
north-east. East and by north. East.1.4.Sp22Dick
I’ll say it. North. North-east. North-east. Nore-nore and by nore-east. I shall never
do it.
1.4.Sp24Robin
I shall never learn a quarter of it. I will try. North. North-east, is by the west
side. North and by north.
1.4.Sp28Mariner
O dullard! Is thy head lighter then the wind, and thy tongue so heavy it will not
wag? I will once again say it.
1.4.Sp29Rafe
I will never learn this language. It will get but small living, when it will scarce be learned till one be old.
, when it will scarce be learned till one be old.1.4.Sp30Mariner
Nay then, farewell. And if your fortunes exceed not your wits, you shall starve before
ye sleep.(Exit.)
)
1.4.Sp31Rafe
. Was there ever such cozening? Come, let us to the woods and see what fortune we may have before they be made ships. As for our master, he is drowned.
? Come, let us to the woods and see what fortune we may have before they be made ships. As for our master, he is drowned.1.4.Sp34Rafe
I, this, and this day twelvemonth let us all meet here again. It may be we shall either beg together or hang together.
let us all meet here again. It may be we shall either beg together or hang together.
SONG
1.4.Sp36Omnes
Rocks, shelves, and sands, and seas, farewell!
Fie! Who would dwell
In such a hell
As is a ship, which drunk does reel,
Taking salt healths from deck to keel.
does reel,
Taking salt healths from deck to keel.1.4.Sp44Omnes
Rove, then, no matter whither,
In fair or stormy weather.
And as we live, let’s die together.
One hempen caper cuts a feather.
.
Exeunt.
2.1
Enter Galatea alone.
2.1.Sp1Galatea
She stands aside.Blush, Galatea, that must frame thy affection fit for thy habit, and therefore be thought immodest because thou art unfortunate! Thy tender years cannot dissemble this deceit, nor thy sex bear it. Oh, would the
gods had made me as I seem to be, or that I might safely be what I seem not! Thy father doteth, Galatea, whose blind love corrupteth his fond judgment, and, jealous of thy death, seemeth to dote on thy beauty; whose fond care carrieth his partial
eye as far from truth as his heart is from falsehood. But why dost thou blame him, or blab what thou art, when thou
shouldst only counterfeit what thou art not? But whist! Here cometh a lad. I will learn of him how to behave myself.
, and therefore be thought immodest because thou art unfortunate! Thy tender years cannot dissemble this deceit, nor thy sex bear it. Oh, would the
gods had made me as I seem to be, or that I might safely be what I seem not! Thy father doteth, Galatea, whose blind love corrupteth his fond judgment, and, jealous of thy death, seemeth to dote on thy beauty; whose fond care carrieth his partial
eye as far from truth as his heart is from falsehood. But why dost thou blame him, or blab what thou art, when thou
shouldst only counterfeit what thou art not? But whist! Here cometh a lad. I will learn of him how to behave myself.
Enter Phillida in man’s attire.
2.1.Sp2Phillida
(
To herself
) I neither like my gait nor my garments: the one untoward, the other unfit, both unseemly. O Phillida! But yonder stayeth one, and therefore say nothing. But O Phillida!
) I neither like my gait nor my garments: the one untoward, the other unfit, both unseemly. O Phillida! But yonder stayeth one, and therefore say nothing. But O Phillida!2.1.Sp3Galatea
(
Aside, seeing Phillida
) I perceive that boys are in as great disliking of themselves as maids. Therefore,
though I wear the apparel, I am glad I am not the person.
) I perceive that boys are in as great disliking of themselves as maids. Therefore,
though I wear the apparel, I am glad I am not the person.2.1.Sp4Phillida
(
Aside
) It is a pretty boy and a fair. He might well have been a woman, but because he is
not, I am glad I am; for now, under the color of my coat, I shall decipher the follies of their kind.
) It is a pretty boy and a fair. He might well have been a woman, but because he is
not, I am glad I am; for now, under the color of my coat, I shall decipher the follies of their kind.2.1.Sp6Phillida
(
Aside
) If I durst trust my face as well as I do my habit, I would spend some time to make pastime; for, say what they will of a man’s wit, it is no second thing to be a woman.
) If I durst trust my face as well as I do my habit, I would spend some time to make pastime; for, say what they will of a man’s wit, it is no second thing to be a woman.2.1.Sp7Galatea
(
Aside
) All the blood in my body would be in my face, if he should ask me (as the question among men is common), “Are you a maid?”
) All the blood in my body would be in my face, if he should ask me (as the question among men is common), “Are you a maid?”2.1.Sp8Phillida
Enter Diana, Telusa, and Eurota.
(
Aside
) Why stand I still? Boys should be bold. But here cometh a brave train that will spill all our talk.
) Why stand I still? Boys should be bold. But here cometh a brave train that will spill all our talk.2.1.Sp14Telusa
Saw you not the deer come this way? He flew down the wind, and I believe you have blanched him.
come this way? He flew down the wind, and I believe you have blanched him.2.1.Sp19Galatea
(
Aside
) I know not how it cometh to pass, but yonder boy is in mine eye too beautiful. I
pray the gods the ladies think him not their dear!
) I know not how it cometh to pass, but yonder boy is in mine eye too beautiful. I
pray the gods the ladies think him not their dear!2.1.Sp20Diana
(
To Phillida
) Pretty lad, do your sheep feed in the forest, or are you strayed from your flock,
or on purpose come ye to mar Diana’s pastime?
) Pretty lad, do your sheep feed in the forest, or are you strayed from your flock,
or on purpose come ye to mar Diana’s pastime?2.1.Sp23Phillida
My mother said I could be no lad till I was twenty year old, nor keep sheep till I
could tell them; and therefore, lady, neither lad nor shepherd is here.
them; and therefore, lady, neither lad nor shepherd is here.2.1.Sp24Telusa
(
To Diana
) These boys are both agreed. Either they are very pleasant or too perverse. You were best, lady, make them tusk these woods, whilst we stand with our bows, and so use them as beagles since they have so good
mouths.
) These boys are both agreed. Either they are very pleasant or too perverse. You were best, lady, make them tusk these woods, whilst we stand with our bows, and so use them as beagles since they have so good
mouths.2.1.Sp25Diana
I will.(
To Phillida
) Follow me without delay or excuse, and, if you can do nothing, yet shall you halloo the deer.
) Follow me without delay or excuse, and, if you can do nothing, yet shall you halloo the deer.2.1.Sp26Phillida
Exeunt.
I am willing to go —(
Aside
) not for these ladies’ company, because myself am a virgin, but for that fair boy’s
favor, who I think be a god.
) not for these ladies’ company, because myself am a virgin, but for that fair boy’s
favor, who I think be a god.2.2
Enter Cupid alone in nymph’s apparel, and Neptune listening.2.2.Sp1Cupid
Exit.
Now, Cupid, under the shape of a silly girl show the power of a mighty god. Let Diana and all her coy nymphs know that there
is no heart so chaste but thy bow can wound, nor eyes so modest but thy brands can kindle, nor thoughts so staid but thy shafts can make wavering, weak, and wanton. Cupid, though he be a child,
is no baby. I will make their pains my pastimes, and so confound their loves in their
own sex that they shall dote in their desires, delight in their affections, and practice
only impossibilities. Whilst I truant from my mother, I will use some tyranny in these woods, and so shall their exercise in foolish love
be my excuse for running away. I will see whether fair faces be always chaste, or Diana’s virgins only modest;
else will I spend both my shafts and shifts; and then, ladies, if you see these dainty dames entrapped in love, say softly to yourselves, we may
all love.
girl show the power of a mighty god. Let Diana and all her coy nymphs know that there
is no heart so chaste but thy bow can wound, nor eyes so modest but thy brands can kindle, nor thoughts so staid but thy shafts can make wavering, weak, and wanton. Cupid, though he be a child,
is no baby. I will make their pains my pastimes, and so confound their loves in their
own sex that they shall dote in their desires, delight in their affections, and practice
only impossibilities. Whilst I truant from my mother, I will use some tyranny in these woods, and so shall their exercise in foolish love
be my excuse for running away. I will see whether fair faces be always chaste, or Diana’s virgins only modest;
else will I spend both my shafts and shifts; and then, ladies, if you see these dainty dames entrapped in love, say softly to yourselves, we may
all love.2.2.Sp2Neptune
Exit.
Do silly shepherds go about to deceive great Neptune in putting on man’s attire upon women,
and Cupid, to make sport, deceive them all by using a woman’s apparel upon a god? Then, Neptune, that hast taken sundry shapes to obtain love, stick not to practice some deceit to show thy deity, and, having often thrust thyself into
the shape of beasts to deceive men, be not coy to use the shape of a shepherd to show
thyself a god. Neptune cannot be overreached by swains. Himself is subtle, and, if Diana be overtaken by craft, Cupid is wise. I will into these woods and mark all, and in the end will mar all.
shepherds go about to deceive great Neptune in putting on man’s attire upon women,
and Cupid, to make sport, deceive them all by using a woman’s apparel upon a god? Then, Neptune, that hast taken sundry shapes to obtain love, stick not to practice some deceit to show thy deity, and, having often thrust thyself into
the shape of beasts to deceive men, be not coy to use the shape of a shepherd to show
thyself a god. Neptune cannot be overreached by swains. Himself is subtle, and, if Diana be overtaken by craft, Cupid is wise. I will into these woods and mark all, and in the end will mar all.2.3
Enter Rafe alone.2.3.Sp1Rafe
Enter the Alchemist’s boy, Peter.
Call you this seeking of fortunes, when one can find nothing but birds’ nests? Would
I were out of these woods! For I shall have but wooden luck. Here’s nothing but the skreeking of owls, croaking of frogs, hissing of adders, barking of foxes, walking of hags. But what be these?
(Enter Fairies, dancing and playing, and so exeunt.)
I will follow them, To hell I shall not go, for so fair faces never can have such
hard fortunes. What black boy is this?
luck. Here’s nothing but the skreeking of owls, croaking of frogs, hissing of adders, barking of foxes, walking of hags. But what be these?
(Enter Fairies, dancing and playing, and so exeunt.)
I will follow them, To hell I shall not go, for so fair faces never can have such
hard fortunes. What black boy is this?2.3.Sp2Peter
(
To himself
) What a life do I lead with my master! Nothing but blowing of bellows, beating of
spirits, and scraping of crosslets. It is a very secret science, for none almost can understand the language of it:
sublimation, almigation, calcination, rubification, incorporation, circination, cementation,
albification, and fermentation, with as many terms unpossible to be uttered as the art to be compassed.
) What a life do I lead with my master! Nothing but blowing of bellows, beating of
spirits, and scraping of crosslets. It is a very secret science, for none almost can understand the language of it:
sublimation, almigation, calcination, rubification, incorporation, circination, cementation,
albification, and fermentation, with as many terms unpossible to be uttered as the art to be compassed.2.3.Sp3Rafe
(
Aside
) Let me cross myself. I never heard so many great devils in a little monkey’s mouth.
) Let me cross myself. I never heard so many great devils in a little monkey’s mouth.2.3.Sp4Peter
Then our instruments: crosslets, sublimatories, cucurbits, limbecks, decensors, vials,
manual and mural, for imbibing and conbibing, bellows molificative and indurative.
.2.3.Sp6Peter
Then our metals: saltpeter, vitriol, sal tartar, sal preparat, argoll, resagar, sal
ammoniac, agrimony, lunary, brimstone, valerian, tartar alum, breemwort, glass, unslaked lime, chalk, ashes,
hair, and what not, to make I know not what.
, brimstone, valerian, tartar alum, breemwort, glass, unslaked lime, chalk, ashes,
hair, and what not, to make I know not what.2.3.Sp8Peter
And yet such a beggerly science it is, and so strong on multiplication that the end is to have neither gold, wit, nor honesty.
that the end is to have neither gold, wit, nor honesty.2.3.Sp11Rafe
Why, thou say’st the end of thy occupation is to have neither wit, money, nor honesty;
and methinks, at a blush, thou shouldst be one of my occupation.
, thou shouldst be one of my occupation.2.3.Sp14Peter
A little more than a man, and a hair’s breadth less than a god. He can make of thy
cap gold, and, by multiplication of one groat, three old angels. I have known him of the tag of a point to make a silver bowl of a pint.
, three old angels. I have known him of the tag of a point to make a silver bowl of a pint.2.3.Sp15Rafe
That makes thee have never a point; they be all turned to pots. But if he can do this, he shall be a god altogether.
. But if he can do this, he shall be a god altogether.2.3.Sp16Peter
If thou have any gold to work on, thou art then made forever, for with one pound of gold he will go near to pave ten acres of ground.
forever, for with one pound of gold he will go near to pave ten acres of ground.2.3.Sp18Peter
Easily. First, seem to understand the terms, and specially mark these points. In our
art there are four spirits.
.2.3.Sp20Peter
Thou art gross. We call those “spirits” that are the grounds of our art, and, as it were, the metals
more incorporative for domination. The first spirit is quicksilver.
. We call those “spirits” that are the grounds of our art, and, as it were, the metals
more incorporative for domination. The first spirit is quicksilver.2.3.Sp21Rafe
That is my spirit, for my silver is so quick that I have much ado to catch it; and when I have it, it is so nimble that I cannot
hold it. I thought there was a devil in it.
is so quick that I have much ado to catch it; and when I have it, it is so nimble that I cannot
hold it. I thought there was a devil in it.2.3.Sp27Rafe
Enter the Alchemist.
That’s a stinking spirit, I thought there was some spirit in it because it burnt so
blue. For my mother would often tell me that when the candle burnt blue, there was some
ill spirit in the house, and now I perceive it was the spirit brimstone.
. For my mother would often tell me that when the candle burnt blue, there was some
ill spirit in the house, and now I perceive it was the spirit brimstone.2.3.Sp32Peter
No, such cunning men must disguise themselves as though there were nothing in them,
for otherwise they shall be compelled to work for princes, and so be constrained to
bewray their secrets.
their secrets.2.3.Sp34Alchemist
(
Aside
) An ounce of silver limed, as much of crude mercury, of spirits four, being tempered with the bodies seven, by multiplying of it ten times, comes for one pound eight thousand pounds, so that I may have only beechen coals.
) An ounce of silver limed, as much of crude mercury, of spirits four, being tempered with the bodies seven, by multiplying of it ten times, comes for one pound eight thousand pounds, so that I may have only beechen coals.2.3.Sp37Rafe
I’ll tell thee one secret: I stole a silver thimble. Dost thou think that he will
make it a pottle pot?
pot?2.3.Sp38Peter
A pottle pot? Nay, I dare warrant it a whole cupbord of plate. Why, of the quintessence of a leaden plummet he hath framed twenty dozen of silver spoons. Look how he studies. I durst venture my life he is now casting about how of his breath he may make golden bracelets, for oftentimes of smoke he hath made
silver drops.
. Why, of the quintessence of a leaden plummet he hath framed twenty dozen of silver spoons. Look how he studies. I durst venture my life he is now casting about how of his breath he may make golden bracelets, for oftentimes of smoke he hath made
silver drops.2.3.Sp42Peter
That shower did my master make of a spoonful of tartar alum, but with the fire of
blood and the corrosive of the air he is able to make nothing infinite. — But whist! He espieth us.
. — But whist! He espieth us.2.3.Sp43Alchemist
(
Coming forward
) What, Peter, do you loiter, knowing that every minute increaseth our mine?
) What, Peter, do you loiter, knowing that every minute increaseth our mine?2.3.Sp44Peter
I was glad to take air, for the metal came so fast that I feared my face would have been turned to silver.
, for the metal came so fast that I feared my face would have been turned to silver.2.3.Sp52Rafe
I can swear, though I be a poor fellow, as well as the best man in the shire. But, sir, I much
marvel that you, being so cunning, should be so ragged.
, though I be a poor fellow, as well as the best man in the shire. But, sir, I much
marvel that you, being so cunning, should be so ragged.2.3.Sp53Alchemist
O my child, gryphs make their nests of gold, though their coats are feathers, and we feather our nests with diamonds, though our garments be but frieze. If thou knewest the secret of this science, the cunning would make thee so proud that thou wouldst disdain the outward pomp.
make their nests of gold, though their coats are feathers, and we feather our nests with diamonds, though our garments be but frieze. If thou knewest the secret of this science, the cunning would make thee so proud that thou wouldst disdain the outward pomp.2.3.Sp54Peter
(
To Rafe
) My master is so ravished with his art that we many times go supperless to bed, for
he will make gold of his bread, and such is the drought of his desire that we all wish our very guts were gold.
) My master is so ravished with his art that we many times go supperless to bed, for
he will make gold of his bread, and such is the drought of his desire that we all wish our very guts were gold.2.3.Sp56Alchemist
Exit.
When in the depth of my skill I determine to try the uttermost of mine art, I am dissuaded
by the gods. Otherwise, I durst undertake to make the fire, as it flames, gold; the
wind, as it blows, silver; the water, as it runs, lead; the earth, as it stands, iron;
the sky, brass; and men’s thoughts, firm metals.
2.3.Sp59Rafe
Exit.
I follow, I run, I fly. They say my father hath a golden thumb. You shall see me have a golden body.
. You shall see me have a golden body.2.3.Sp60Peter
Exit.
I am glad of this, for now I shall have leisure to run away. Such a bald art as never
was! Let him keep his new man, for he shall never see his old again. God shield me from blowing gold to nothing, with a strong imagination to make nothing anything!
! Let him keep his new man, for he shall never see his old again. God shield me from blowing gold to nothing, with a strong imagination to make nothing anything!2.4
Enter Galatea alone.2.4.Sp1Galatea
Exit.
How now, Galatea? Miserable Galatea, that, having put on the apparel of a boy, thou
canst not also put on the mind. O fair Melebeus! Ay, too fair, and therefore, I fear, too proud. Had it not been better for thee to have been a sacrifice to Neptune then a slave to Cupid? To die for thy country
than to live in thy fancy? To be a sacrifice than a lover? Oh, would, when I hunted his eye with my heart, he might have seen my heart with his eyes! Why did Nature to him, a boy, give a face so fair, or to me, a virgin,
a fortune so hard? I will now use for the distaff the bow, and play at quoits abroad that was wont to sew in my sampler at home. It may be, Galatea. — Foolish Galatea, what may be? Nothing. Let me follow
him into the woods, and thou, sweet Venus, be my guide!
also put on the mind. O fair Melebeus! Ay, too fair, and therefore, I fear, too proud. Had it not been better for thee to have been a sacrifice to Neptune then a slave to Cupid? To die for thy country
than to live in thy fancy? To be a sacrifice than a lover? Oh, would, when I hunted his eye with my heart, he might have seen my heart with his eyes! Why did Nature to him, a boy, give a face so fair, or to me, a virgin,
a fortune so hard? I will now use for the distaff the bow, and play at quoits abroad that was wont to sew in my sampler at home. It may be, Galatea. — Foolish Galatea, what may be? Nothing. Let me follow
him into the woods, and thou, sweet Venus, be my guide!2.5
Enter Phillida alone.2.5.Sp1Phillida
Exit.
Poor Phillida, curse the time of thy birth and rareness of thy beauty, the unaptness of thy apparel and the untamedness of thy affections.
Art thou no sooner in the habit of a boy but thou must be enamored of a boy? What shalt thou do, when what best liketh
thee most discontenteth thee? Go into the woods, watch the good times, his best moods, and transgress in love a little of thy modesty. I will. — I dare
not. Thou must — I cannot. Then pine in thine own peevishness. I will not — I will.
Ah, Phillida, do something, nay, anything, rather then live thus! Well, what I will
do, myself knows not, but what I ought I know too well. And so I go, resolute either
to bewray my love or suffer shame.
of thy beauty, the unaptness of thy apparel and the untamedness of thy affections.
Art thou no sooner in the habit of a boy but thou must be enamored of a boy? What shalt thou do, when what best liketh
thee most discontenteth thee? Go into the woods, watch the good times, his best moods, and transgress in love a little of thy modesty. I will. — I dare
not. Thou must — I cannot. Then pine in thine own peevishness. I will not — I will.
Ah, Phillida, do something, nay, anything, rather then live thus! Well, what I will
do, myself knows not, but what I ought I know too well. And so I go, resolute either
to bewray my love or suffer shame.3.1
Enter Telusa alone.3.1.Sp1Telusa
Enter Eurota.
How now? What new conceits, what strange contraries, breed in thy mind? Is thy Diana become a Venus, thy chaste
thoughts turned to wanton looks, thy conquering modesty to a captive imagination? Beginnest thou with piralis to die in the air and live in the fire, to leave the sweet delight of hunting and to follow the hot desire of love? O Telusa,
these words are unfit for thy sex, being a virgin, but apt for thy affections, being
a lover. And can there in years so young, in education so precise, in vows so holy, and in a heart so chaste, enter either a strong desire or a wish
or a wavering thought of love? Can Cupid’s brands quench Vesta’s flames, and his feeble shafts headed with feathers pierce deeper than Diana’s arrows headed
with steel? Break thy bow, Telusa, that seekest to break thy vow, and let those hands
that aimed to hit the wild hart scratch out those eyes that have wounded thy tame
heart. O vain and only naked name of chastity, that is made eternal and perisheth by time; holy, and is infected by fancy; divine, and is made mortal by folly! Virgins’ hearts, I perceive, are not unlike cotton trees, whose fruit is so hard in the bud that
it soundeth like steel, and, being ripe, poureth forth nothing but wool; and their
thoughts like the leaves of lunary, which, the further they grow from the sun, the sooner they are scorched with his
beams. O Melebeus, because thou art fair, must I be fickle and false my vow because I see thy virtue? Fond girl that I am, to think of love! Nay, vain profession that I follow, to disdain love! But here cometh Eurota. I must now put on a red mask
and blush, lest she perceive my pale face and laugh.
, what strange contraries, breed in thy mind? Is thy Diana become a Venus, thy chaste
thoughts turned to wanton looks, thy conquering modesty to a captive imagination? Beginnest thou with piralis to die in the air and live in the fire, to leave the sweet delight of hunting and to follow the hot desire of love? O Telusa,
these words are unfit for thy sex, being a virgin, but apt for thy affections, being
a lover. And can there in years so young, in education so precise, in vows so holy, and in a heart so chaste, enter either a strong desire or a wish
or a wavering thought of love? Can Cupid’s brands quench Vesta’s flames, and his feeble shafts headed with feathers pierce deeper than Diana’s arrows headed
with steel? Break thy bow, Telusa, that seekest to break thy vow, and let those hands
that aimed to hit the wild hart scratch out those eyes that have wounded thy tame
heart. O vain and only naked name of chastity, that is made eternal and perisheth by time; holy, and is infected by fancy; divine, and is made mortal by folly! Virgins’ hearts, I perceive, are not unlike cotton trees, whose fruit is so hard in the bud that
it soundeth like steel, and, being ripe, poureth forth nothing but wool; and their
thoughts like the leaves of lunary, which, the further they grow from the sun, the sooner they are scorched with his
beams. O Melebeus, because thou art fair, must I be fickle and false my vow because I see thy virtue? Fond girl that I am, to think of love! Nay, vain profession that I follow, to disdain love! But here cometh Eurota. I must now put on a red mask
and blush, lest she perceive my pale face and laugh.3.1.Sp2Eurota
Telusa, Diana bid me hunt you out, and saith that you care not to hunt with her; but
if you follow any other game than she hath roused, your punishment shall be to bend
all our bows and weave all our strings. Why look ye so pale, so sad, so wildly?
and weave all our strings. Why look ye so pale, so sad, so wildly?3.1.Sp4Eurota
I am no Oedipus to expound riddles, and I muse how thou canst be Sphinx to utter them. But I pray thee, Telusa, tell me what thou
ailest. If thou be sick, this ground hath leaves to heal; if melancholy, here are pastimes to use; if peevish, wit must wean it, or
time, or counsel. If thou be in love (for I have heard of such a beast called Love), it shall be cured. Why
blushest thou, Telusa?
, and I muse how thou canst be Sphinx to utter them. But I pray thee, Telusa, tell me what thou
ailest. If thou be sick, this ground hath leaves to heal; if melancholy, here are pastimes to use; if peevish, wit must wean it, or
time, or counsel. If thou be in love (for I have heard of such a beast called Love), it shall be cured. Why
blushest thou, Telusa?3.1.Sp5Telusa
To hear thee in reckoning my pains to recite thine own. I saw, Eurota, how amorously you glanced your eye on the fair boy in the white coat, and how cunningly, now that you would have some talk of love,
you hit me in the teeth with love.
. I saw, Eurota, how amorously you glanced your eye on the fair boy in the white coat, and how cunningly, now that you would have some talk of love,
you hit me in the teeth with love.3.1.Sp6Eurota
I confess that I am in love, and yet swear that I know not what it is. I feel my thoughts
unknit, mine eyes unstayed, my heart I know not how affected or infected, my sleeps broken and full of dreams, my wakeness sad and full of sighs, myself in all things unlike myself. If this be love, I would
it had never been devised.
I know not how affected or infected, my sleeps broken and full of dreams, my wakeness sad and full of sighs, myself in all things unlike myself. If this be love, I would
it had never been devised.3.1.Sp7Telusa
Thou hast told what I am in uttering what thyself is. These are my passions, Eurota,
my unbridled passions, my intolerable passions, which I were as good acknowledge and crave counsel as to deny and endure peril.
acknowledge and crave counsel as to deny and endure peril.3.1.Sp9Telusa
By the eyes, my wanton eyes, which conceived the picture of his face and hanged it
on the very strings of my heart. O fair Melibeus! O fond Telusa! But how did it take you, Eurota?
. O fair Melibeus! O fond Telusa! But how did it take you, Eurota?3.1.Sp10Eurota
They conceal themselves.By the ears, whose sweet words sunk so deep into my head that the remembrance of his
wit hath bereaved me of my wisdom. O eloquent Tyterus! O credulous Eurota! But soft, here cometh Ramia. But let her not hear us talk. We will withdraw ourselves and
hear her talk.
! O credulous Eurota! But soft, here cometh Ramia. But let her not hear us talk. We will withdraw ourselves and
hear her talk.
Enter Ramia.
3.1.Sp13Ramia
(To herself) Can there be no heart so chaste but love can wound? Nor vows so holy but affection can violate? Vain art thou, virtue, and thou, chastity, but a byword, when you both are subject to love, of all things the most abject. If Love be a god,
why should not lovers be virtuous? Love is a god, and lovers are virtuous.
can violate? Vain art thou, virtue, and thou, chastity, but a byword, when you both are subject to love, of all things the most abject. If Love be a god,
why should not lovers be virtuous? Love is a god, and lovers are virtuous.3.1.Sp14Eurota
(
Coming forward with Telusa
) Indeed, Ramia, if lovers were not virtuous, then wert thou vicious.
.3.1.Sp17Eurota
Tush, Ramia, ’tis too late to recall it; to repent it, a shame. Therefore, I pray thee, tell what is love?
it; to repent it, a shame. Therefore, I pray thee, tell what is love?3.1.Sp18Ramia
If myself felt only this infection, I would then take upon me the definition, but, being incident to so many, I dare not myself describe it. But we will all talk of that in the woods.
Diana stormeth that, sending one to seek another, she loseth all. Servia, of all the nymphs the coyest, loveth deadly, and exclaimeth against Diana, honoreth Venus, detesteth Vesta, and maketh a common
scorn of virtue. Clymene, whose stately looks seemed to amaze the greatest lords, stoopeth, yieldeth, and fawneth on the strange boy in the woods. Myself (with blushing I speak it) am thrall to that boy, that fair
boy, that beautiful boy!
this infection, I would then take upon me the definition, but, being incident to so many, I dare not myself describe it. But we will all talk of that in the woods.
Diana stormeth that, sending one to seek another, she loseth all. Servia, of all the nymphs the coyest, loveth deadly, and exclaimeth against Diana, honoreth Venus, detesteth Vesta, and maketh a common
scorn of virtue. Clymene, whose stately looks seemed to amaze the greatest lords, stoopeth, yieldeth, and fawneth on the strange boy in the woods. Myself (with blushing I speak it) am thrall to that boy, that fair
boy, that beautiful boy!3.1.Sp19Telusa
What have we here, all in love? No other food than fancy? No, no, she shall not have the fair boy.
shall not have the fair boy.3.1.Sp22Telusa
I love Melibeus, and my deserts shall be answerable to my desires. I will forsake Diana for him.
I will die for him!
, and my deserts shall be answerable to my desires. I will forsake Diana for him.
I will die for him!3.1.Sp23Ramia
So saith Clymene, and she will have him. I care not. My sweet Tityrus, though he seem proud, I impute it to childishness, who, being yet scarce out of
swath-clouts, cannot understand these deep conceits. I love him.
him. I care not. My sweet Tityrus, though he seem proud, I impute it to childishness, who, being yet scarce out of
swath-clouts, cannot understand these deep conceits. I love him.3.1.Sp25Telusa
Exeunt.
Immodest all that we are, unfortunate all that we are like to be, shall virgins begin to wrangle for love and become wanton in their thoughts,
in their words, in their actions? O divine Love, which art therefore called divine
because thou overreachest the wisest, conquerest the chastest, and dost all things both unlikely and impossible,
because thou art Love! Thou makest the bashful impudent, the wise fond, the chaste wanton, and workest contraries to our reach, because thyself is beyond reason.
to be, shall virgins begin to wrangle for love and become wanton in their thoughts,
in their words, in their actions? O divine Love, which art therefore called divine
because thou overreachest the wisest, conquerest the chastest, and dost all things both unlikely and impossible,
because thou art Love! Thou makest the bashful impudent, the wise fond, the chaste wanton, and workest contraries to our reach, because thyself is beyond reason.3.2
Enter Phillida and Galatea .3.2.Sp1Phillida
It is pity that Nature framed you not a woman, having a face so fair, so lovely a countenance, so modest a behavior.
you not a woman, having a face so fair, so lovely a countenance, so modest a behavior.3.2.Sp2Galatea
There is a tree in Tylos whose nuts have shells like fire, and, being cracked, the
kernel is but water.
.3.2.Sp3Phillida
What a toy is it to tell me of that tree, being nothing to the purpose? I say it is pity you
are not a woman.
is it to tell me of that tree, being nothing to the purpose? I say it is pity you
are not a woman.3.2.Sp5Phillida
Nay, I do not wish to be a woman, for then I should not love thee, for I have sworn
never to love a woman.
3.2.Sp6Galatea
A strange humor in so pretty a youth, and according to mine, for myself will never love a woman.
in so pretty a youth, and according to mine, for myself will never love a woman.3.2.Sp7Phillida
It were a shame, if a maiden should be a suitor (a thing hated in that sex), that
thou shouldst deny to be her servant.
.3.2.Sp8Galatea
If it be a shame in me, it can be no commendation in you, for yourself is of that
mind.
3.2.Sp9Phillida
Suppose I were a virgin (I blush in supposing myself one), and that under the habit of a boy were the person of a maid: if I should utter my affection with sighs, manifest
my sweet love by my salt tears, and prove my loyalty unspotted and my griefs intolerable,
would not then that fair face pity this true heart?
of a boy were the person of a maid: if I should utter my affection with sighs, manifest
my sweet love by my salt tears, and prove my loyalty unspotted and my griefs intolerable,
would not then that fair face pity this true heart?3.2.Sp10Galatea
Admit that I were as you would have me suppose that you are, and that I should with entreaties,
prayers, oaths, bribes, and whatever can be invented in love desire your favor, would
you not yield?
that I were as you would have me suppose that you are, and that I should with entreaties,
prayers, oaths, bribes, and whatever can be invented in love desire your favor, would
you not yield?3.2.Sp22Galatea
(
Aside
) I have known divers of Diana’s nymphs enamored of him, yet hath he rejected all,
either as too proud to disdain, or too childish not to understand, or for that he knoweth himself to be a virgin.
, or too childish not to understand, or for that he knoweth himself to be a virgin.3.2.Sp23Phillida
I am in a quandary. Diana’s nymphs have followed him, and he despised them, either
knowing too well the beauty of his own face or that himself is of the same mold. I will once again try him. (
To Galatea
) You promised me in the woods that you would love me before all Diana’s nymphs.
. I will once again try him. (
To Galatea
) You promised me in the woods that you would love me before all Diana’s nymphs.3.2.Sp27Phillida
Exeunt.
Come, let us into the grove, and make much one of another, that cannot tell what to
think one of another.
3.3
Enter the Alchemist and Rafe.3.3.Sp3Alchemist
He turns to go.
My boy was the veriest thief, the arrantest liar, and the vilest swearer in the world — otherwise the best
boy in the world. He hath stolen my apparel, all my money, and forgot nothing but
to bid me farewell.
thief, the arrantest liar, and the vilest swearer in the world — otherwise the best
boy in the world. He hath stolen my apparel, all my money, and forgot nothing but
to bid me farewell.3.3.Sp6Rafe
I would I had not known the beginning. Did not you promise me of my silver thimble
to make a whole cupboard of plate, and that of a Spanish needle you would build a
silver steeple?
3.3.Sp7Alchemist
Ay, Rafe. The fortune of this art consisteth in the measure of the fire, for if there be a coal too much or a spark too little, if it be a little
too hot or a thought too soft, all our labor is in vain. Besides, they that blow must
beat time with their breaths, as musicians do with their breasts, so as there must be of the metals, the fire, and workers a very harmony.
of the fire, for if there be a coal too much or a spark too little, if it be a little
too hot or a thought too soft, all our labor is in vain. Besides, they that blow must
beat time with their breaths, as musicians do with their breasts, so as there must be of the metals, the fire, and workers a very harmony.3.3.Sp8Rafe
Nay, if you must weigh your fire by ounces, and take measure of a man’s blast, you may then make of a dram of wind a wedge of gold, and of the shadow of one shilling make another, so as you have an organist to tune your temperatures.
, you may then make of a dram of wind a wedge of gold, and of the shadow of one shilling make another, so as you have an organist to tune your temperatures.3.3.Sp9Alchemist
Exit Alchemist.
Enter Astronomer, gazing up at the sky, with an almanac in his hands. He and Rafe
do not notice each other at first.
So is it, and often doth it happen, that the just proportion of the fire and all things
concur.
3.3.Sp12Rafe
An art, quoth you, that one multiplieth so much all day that he wanteth money to buy meat at night?(
Seeing the Astronomer
) But what have we yonder? What devout man? He will never speak till he be urged. I will salute him. — Sir, there lieth a purse under your feet. If I thought it were not yours, I would take it up.
, quoth you, that one multiplieth so much all day that he wanteth money to buy meat at night?(
Seeing the Astronomer
) But what have we yonder? What devout man? He will never speak till he be urged. I will salute him. — Sir, there lieth a purse under your feet. If I thought it were not yours, I would take it up.3.3.Sp13Astronomer
Dost thou not know that I was calculating the nativity of Alexander’s great horse?
3.3.Sp17Astronomer
Ipsissimus. I can tell the minute of thy birth, the moment of thy death, and the manner. I can
tell thee what weather shall be between this and octgessimus octavus mirabilis annus. When I list I can set a trap for the sun, catch the moon with lime-twigs, and go a-batfowling for stars. I can tell thee things past and things to come, and with my cunning measure how many yards of clouds are beneath the sky. Nothing can happen which I foresee not; nothing shall.
. I can tell the minute of thy birth, the moment of thy death, and the manner. I can
tell thee what weather shall be between this and octgessimus octavus mirabilis annus. When I list I can set a trap for the sun, catch the moon with lime-twigs, and go a-batfowling for stars. I can tell thee things past and things to come, and with my cunning measure how many yards of clouds are beneath the sky. Nothing can happen which I foresee not; nothing shall.3.3.Sp20Rafe
I pray you, sir, tell me what you cannot do? For I perceive there is nothing so easy
for you to compass as impossibilities. But what be those signs?
as impossibilities. But what be those signs?3.3.Sp25Astronomer
Tush, that sign must be there. Then the Bull for the throat, Capricornus for the knees.
for the throat, Capricornus for the knees.3.3.Sp26Rafe
I will hear no more signs, if they be all such desperate signs. But seeing you are — I know not who to term
you — shall I serve you? I would fain serve.
, if they be all such desperate signs. But seeing you are — I know not who to term
you — shall I serve you? I would fain serve.3.3.Sp28Rafe
Happy am I! For now shall I reach thoughts, and tell how many drops of water goes to the greatest shower of rain. You shall see me catch
the moon in the ’clips like a coney in a purse-net.
, and tell how many drops of water goes to the greatest shower of rain. You shall see me catch
the moon in the ’clips like a coney in a purse-net.3.3.Sp30Rafe
I will meddle no more with numbering of gold, for multiplication is a miserable action. I pray, sir, what weather shall we have this hour threescore
year?
is a miserable action. I pray, sir, what weather shall we have this hour threescore
year?3.3.Sp31Astronomer
That I must cast by our judicials astronomical. Therefore come in with me, and thou shall see every wrinkle in my astrological wisdom,
and I will make the heavens as plain to thee as the highway. Thy cunning shall sit
cheek by jowl with the sun’s chariot. Then shalt thou see what a base thing it is
to have others’ thoughts creep on the ground, whenas thine shall be stitched to the
stars.
. Therefore come in with me, and thou shall see every wrinkle in my astrological wisdom,
and I will make the heavens as plain to thee as the highway. Thy cunning shall sit
cheek by jowl with the sun’s chariot. Then shalt thou see what a base thing it is
to have others’ thoughts creep on the ground, whenas thine shall be stitched to the
stars.3.3.Sp34Rafe
Exeunt.
O fortune! I feel my very brains moralized, and as it were a certain contempt of earthly
actions is crept into my mind by an ethereal contemplation. Come, let us in.
3.4
Enter Diana, Telusa, Eurota, Ramia, and Larissa.3.4.Sp1Diana
Exeunt Telusa and Larissa.
What news have we here, ladies? Are all in love? Are Diana’s nymphs become Venus’s
wantons? Is it a shame to be chaste because you be amiable? Or must you needs be amorous because you are fair? O Venus, if this be thy spite
I will requite it with more then hate. Well shalt thou know what it is to drib thine arrows up and down Diana’s leas. There is an unknown nymph that straggleth up and down these woods, which I suspect hath been the weaver of
these woes, I saw her slumbering by the brook-side. Go search her and bring her. If
you find upon her shoulder a burn, it is Cupid; if any print on her back like a leaf, it is Medea; if any picture on her left breast like a bird, it is Calypso. Whoever it be, bring her hither, and speedily bring her hither.
? Or must you needs be amorous because you are fair? O Venus, if this be thy spite
I will requite it with more then hate. Well shalt thou know what it is to drib thine arrows up and down Diana’s leas. There is an unknown nymph that straggleth up and down these woods, which I suspect hath been the weaver of
these woes, I saw her slumbering by the brook-side. Go search her and bring her. If
you find upon her shoulder a burn, it is Cupid; if any print on her back like a leaf, it is Medea; if any picture on her left breast like a bird, it is Calypso. Whoever it be, bring her hither, and speedily bring her hither.3.4.Sp5Diana
Now, ladies, doth not that make your cheeks blush that makes mine ears glow? Or can
you remember that without sobs which Diana cannot think on without sighs? What greater
dishonor could happen to Diana, or to her nymphs shame, than that there can be any time so idle that should make their heads so addle? Your chaste hearts, my nymphs, should resemble the onyx, which is hottest when it is whitest; and your thoughts, the more they are assaulted
with desires, the less they should be affected. You should think love like Homer’s
moly: a white leaf and a black root, a fair show and a bitter taste. Of all trees the
cedar is greatest and hath the smallest seed; of all affections, love hath the greatest
name and the least virtue. Shall it be said, and shall Venus say it — nay, shall it
be seen, and shall wantons see it — that Diana, the goddess of chastity, whose thoughts
are always answerable to her vows, whose eyes never glanced on desire, and whose heart
abateth the point of Cupid’s arrows, shall have her virgins to become unchaste in desires,
immoderate in affection, untemperate in love, in foolish love, in base love? Eagles
cast their evil feathers in the sun, but you cast your best desires upon a shadow. The birds ibes lose their sweetness when they lose their sights, and virgins all their virtues with their unchaste thoughts. “Unchaste,” Diana calleth
that that hath either any show or suspicion of lightness. O my dear nymphs, if you
knew how loving thoughts stain lovely faces, you would be as careful to have the one as unspotted as the other beautiful.
Cast before your eyes the loves of Venus’s trulls, their fortunes, their fancies, their ends. What are they else but Silenus’s pictures — without, lambs and doves; within, apes and owls — who, like Ixion, embrace clouds for Juno, the shadows of virtue instead of the substance. The eagle’s feathers consume the
feathers of all others, and love’s desire corrupteth all other virtues. I blush, ladies, that you, having
been heretofore patient of labors, should now become prentices to idleness and use the pen for sonnets, not the needle
for samplers. And how is your love placed? Upon pelting boys, perhaps base of birth, without doubt weak of discretion. Ay, but they are fair.
O ladies, do your eyes begin to love colors, whose hearts was wont to loathe them? Is Diana’s chase become Venus’s court? And are your holy vows turned to hollow thoughts?
, than that there can be any time so idle that should make their heads so addle? Your chaste hearts, my nymphs, should resemble the onyx, which is hottest when it is whitest; and your thoughts, the more they are assaulted
with desires, the less they should be affected. You should think love like Homer’s
moly: a white leaf and a black root, a fair show and a bitter taste. Of all trees the
cedar is greatest and hath the smallest seed; of all affections, love hath the greatest
name and the least virtue. Shall it be said, and shall Venus say it — nay, shall it
be seen, and shall wantons see it — that Diana, the goddess of chastity, whose thoughts
are always answerable to her vows, whose eyes never glanced on desire, and whose heart
abateth the point of Cupid’s arrows, shall have her virgins to become unchaste in desires,
immoderate in affection, untemperate in love, in foolish love, in base love? Eagles
cast their evil feathers in the sun, but you cast your best desires upon a shadow. The birds ibes lose their sweetness when they lose their sights, and virgins all their virtues with their unchaste thoughts. “Unchaste,” Diana calleth
that that hath either any show or suspicion of lightness. O my dear nymphs, if you
knew how loving thoughts stain lovely faces, you would be as careful to have the one as unspotted as the other beautiful.
Cast before your eyes the loves of Venus’s trulls, their fortunes, their fancies, their ends. What are they else but Silenus’s pictures — without, lambs and doves; within, apes and owls — who, like Ixion, embrace clouds for Juno, the shadows of virtue instead of the substance. The eagle’s feathers consume the
feathers of all others, and love’s desire corrupteth all other virtues. I blush, ladies, that you, having
been heretofore patient of labors, should now become prentices to idleness and use the pen for sonnets, not the needle
for samplers. And how is your love placed? Upon pelting boys, perhaps base of birth, without doubt weak of discretion. Ay, but they are fair.
O ladies, do your eyes begin to love colors, whose hearts was wont to loathe them? Is Diana’s chase become Venus’s court? And are your holy vows turned to hollow thoughts?3.4.Sp6Ramia
Madam, if love were not a thing beyond reason, we might then give a reason of our
doings; but so divine is his force that it worketh effects as contrary to that we wish as unreasonable against that we ought.
we wish as unreasonable against that we ought.3.4.Sp7Eurota
Lady, so unacquainted are the passions of love that we can neither describe them nor bear them.
are the passions of love that we can neither describe them nor bear them.3.4.Sp8Diana
Enter Telusa and others (Larissa and perhaps other nymphs) with Cupid.
Foolish girls, how willing you are to follow that which you should fly! But here cometh
Telusa.
3.4.Sp9Telusa
We have brought the disguised nymph, and have found on his shoulder Psyche’s burn,
and he confesseth himself to be Cupid.
3.4.Sp12Diana
And thou shalt see, Cupid, that I will show myself to be Diana — that is, conqueror
of thy loose and untamed appetites. Did thy mother, Venus, under the color of a nymph, send thee hither to wound my nymphs? Doth she add craft to her malice, and,
mistrusting her deity, practice deceit? Is there no place but my groves, no persons but my nymphs? Cruel
and unkind Venus, that spiteth only chastity, thou shalt see that Diana’s power shall
revenge thy policy and tame this pride. As for thee, Cupid, I will break thy bow and burn thine arrows,
bind thy hands, clip thy wings, and fetter thy feet. Thou that fattest others with
hopes shalt be fed thyself with wishes, and thou that bindest others with golden thoughts shalt be bound thyself with golden fetters. Venus’s rods are made of roses, Diana’s of briars. Let Venus, that great goddess, ransom Cupid,
that little god. These ladies here, whom thou hast infected with foolish love, shall
both tread on thee and triumph over thee. Thine own arrow shall be shot into thine
own bosom, and thou shalt be enamored, not on Psyches, but on Circes. I will teach thee what it is to displease Diana, distress her nymphs, or disturb
her game.
a nymph, send thee hither to wound my nymphs? Doth she add craft to her malice, and,
mistrusting her deity, practice deceit? Is there no place but my groves, no persons but my nymphs? Cruel
and unkind Venus, that spiteth only chastity, thou shalt see that Diana’s power shall
revenge thy policy and tame this pride. As for thee, Cupid, I will break thy bow and burn thine arrows,
bind thy hands, clip thy wings, and fetter thy feet. Thou that fattest others with
hopes shalt be fed thyself with wishes, and thou that bindest others with golden thoughts shalt be bound thyself with golden fetters. Venus’s rods are made of roses, Diana’s of briars. Let Venus, that great goddess, ransom Cupid,
that little god. These ladies here, whom thou hast infected with foolish love, shall
both tread on thee and triumph over thee. Thine own arrow shall be shot into thine
own bosom, and thou shalt be enamored, not on Psyches, but on Circes. I will teach thee what it is to displease Diana, distress her nymphs, or disturb
her game.3.4.Sp13Cupid
Diana, what I have done cannot be undone, But what you mean to do shall. Venus hath some gods to her friends, Cupid shall have all.
. Venus hath some gods to her friends, Cupid shall have all.3.4.Sp14Diana
Exeunt.
Are you prating? I will bridle thy tongue and thy power, and in spite of mine own
thoughts I will set thee a task every day which, if thou finish not, thou shalt feel the smart. Thou shalt be used as Diana’s slave, not Venus’s son. All the world shall see that
I will use thee like a captive, and show myself a conqueror.
(
To her nymphs
) Come, have him in, that we may devise apt punishments for his proud presumptions.
I will set thee a task every day which, if thou finish not, thou shalt feel the smart. Thou shalt be used as Diana’s slave, not Venus’s son. All the world shall see that
I will use thee like a captive, and show myself a conqueror.
(
To her nymphs
) Come, have him in, that we may devise apt punishments for his proud presumptions.4.1
Enter Augur, Melibeus, Tityrus, and Populus.
4.1.Sp1Augur
Exit Augur.
This is the day wherein you must satisfy Neptune and save yourselves. Call together
your fair daughters, and for a sacrifice take the fairest; for better it is to offer
a virgin than suffer ruin. If you think it against nature to sacrifice your children,
think it also against sense to destroy your country. If you imagine Neptune pitiless
to desire such a prey, confess yourselves perverse to deserve such a punishment. You
see this tree, this fatal tree, whose leaves, though they glister like gold, yet it
threateneth to fair virgins grief. To this tree must the beautifullest be bound until
the monster Agar carry her away, and, if the monster come not, then assure yourselves
that the fairest is concealed; and then your country shall be destroyed. Therefore
consult with yourselves, not as fathers of children, but as favorers of your country.
Let Neptune have his right if you will have your quiet. Thus have I warned you to
be careful, and would wish you to be wise, knowing that whoso hath the fairest daughter
hath the greatest fortune, in losing one to save all. And so I depart to provide ceremonies
for the sacrifice, and command you to bring the sacrifice.
.4.1.Sp2Melibeus
They say, Tityrus, that you have a fair daughter. If it be so, dissemble not, for
you shall be a fortunate father. It is a thing holy to preserve one’s country, and
honorable to be the cause.
4.1.Sp3Tityrus
Indeed, Melibeus, I have heard you boast that you had a fair daughter, than the which
none was more beautiful. I hope you are not so careful of a child that you will be
careless of your country, or add so much to nature that you will detract from wisdom.
that you will detract from wisdom.4.1.Sp4Melibeus
I must confess that I had a daughter, and I know you have; but alas! My child’s cradle
was her grave and her swath-clout her winding sheet. I would she had lived till now. She should willingly have died now; for what could
have happened to poor Melibeus more comfortable than to be the father of a fair child and sweet country?
her winding sheet. I would she had lived till now. She should willingly have died now; for what could
have happened to poor Melibeus more comfortable than to be the father of a fair child and sweet country?4.1.Sp5Tityrus
Oh, Melibeus, dissemble you may with men; deceive the gods you cannot. Did not I see
(and very lately see) your daughter in your arms, whenas you gave her infinite kisses
with affection I fear me more then fatherly? You have conveyed her away that you might
cast us all away, bereaving her the honor of her beauty and us the benefit, preferring
a common inconvenience before a private mischief.
before a private mischief.4.1.Sp6Melibeus
It is a bad cloth, Tityrus, that will take no color, and a simple father that can use no cunning. You make the people believe that you wish well when
you practice nothing but ill, wishing to be thought religious towards the gods when
I know you deceitful towards men. You cannot overreach me, Tityrus; overshoot yourself you may. It is a wily mouse that will breed in the cat’s ear, and he must halt cunningly that will deceive a cripple. Did you ever see me kiss my daughter? You are deceived;
it was my wife. And if you thought so young a piece unfit for so old a person, and therefore imagined it to be my child, not my spouse,
you must know that silver hairs delight in golden locks, and the old fancies crave young nurses, and frosty years
must be thawed by youthful fires. But this matter set aside, you have a fair daughter,
Tityrus, and it is pity you are so fond a father.
, and a simple father that can use no cunning. You make the people believe that you wish well when
you practice nothing but ill, wishing to be thought religious towards the gods when
I know you deceitful towards men. You cannot overreach me, Tityrus; overshoot yourself you may. It is a wily mouse that will breed in the cat’s ear, and he must halt cunningly that will deceive a cripple. Did you ever see me kiss my daughter? You are deceived;
it was my wife. And if you thought so young a piece unfit for so old a person, and therefore imagined it to be my child, not my spouse,
you must know that silver hairs delight in golden locks, and the old fancies crave young nurses, and frosty years
must be thawed by youthful fires. But this matter set aside, you have a fair daughter,
Tityrus, and it is pity you are so fond a father.4.1.Sp7Populus
You are both either too fond or too froward, for, whilst you dispute to save your daughters, we neglect to prevent our destruction.
, for, whilst you dispute to save your daughters, we neglect to prevent our destruction.4.1.Sp8Alter
Exeunt.
Come, let us away and seek out a sacrifice. We must sift out their cunning, and let them shift for themselves.
cunning, and let them shift for themselves.4.2
Enter Cupid. Telusa, Eurota, and Larissa enter singing, with Ramia.4.2.Sp1Telusa
Oyez, Oyez! If any maid
, Oyez! If any maidWhom leering Cupid has betrayed
To frowns of spite, to eyes of scorn,
And would in madness now see torn
The boy in pieces —
4.2.Sp3Eurota
Oyez, Oyez! Has any lost
A heart which many a sigh hath cost?
Is any cozened of a tear,
of a tear,Which, as a pearl, Disdain does wear?
, Disdain does wear?Here stands the thief.
4.2.Sp5Larissa
Is any one undone by fire,
,And turned to ashes through desire?
Did ever any lady weep,
Being cheated of her golden sleep?
Stol’n by sick thoughts?
4.2.Sp6All Three
The pirate’s found,
found,And in her tears he shall be drowned.
Read his indictment; let him hear
What he’s to trust to.
.Boy, give ear!
4.2.Sp7Telusa
Come, Cupid, to your task. First you must undo all these lovers’ knots, because you tied them.
, because you tied them.4.2.Sp8Cupid
If they be true love-knots, ’tis unpossible to unknit them; if false, I never tied
them.
4.2.Sp10Cupid
They threaten him.
Love-knots are tied with eyes and cannot be undone with hands, made fast with thoughts
and cannot be unlosed with fingers. Had Diana no task to set Cupid to but things impossible?
4.2.Sp11
He sets to work, unwillingly, on a love-knot.
He tries another.
I will to it.
4.2.Sp20Telusa
To the rest, for she will give you no rest. (
Cupid resumes his task.
) These two knots are finely untied!
will give you no rest. (
Cupid resumes his task.
) These two knots are finely untied!4.2.Sp21Cupid
He gives up on another love-knot.
He takes up another, and laughs.
It was because I never tied them. The one was knit by Pluto, not Cupid, by money, not love; the other by force, not faith, by appointment, not
affection.
, not Cupid, by money, not love; the other by force, not faith, by appointment, not
affection.4.2.Sp27Cupid
He bestows it on Larissa.
Because it is the fairest and the falsest, done with greatest art and least truth,
with best colors and worst conceits.
and worst conceits.4.2.Sp34Telusa
Exit Telusa with Ramia and Eurota.
Come, let us go in and tell that Cupid hath done his task. Stay you behind, Larissa,
and see he sleep not, for love will be idle. And take heed you surfeit not, for love will
be wanton.
he sleep not, for love will be idle. And take heed you surfeit not, for love will
be wanton.4.2.Sp40Cupid
He offereth and starts to go to sleep.
Enter Ramia and Telusa, and perhaps Eurota.
(
To the absent Venus
) O Venus, if thou sawest Cupid as a captive, bound to obey that was wont to command,
fearing ladies’ threats that once pierced their hearts, I cannot tell whether thou
wouldst revenge it for despite or laugh at it for disport. (To the absent Diana) The time may come, Diana, and the time shall come, that thou that settest Cupid to
undo knots shalt entreat Cupid to tie knots. (To the ladies in the audience, perhaps also to the absent nymphs) And you ladies that with solace have beheld my pains shall with sighs intreat my
pity.
4.2.Sp42Ramia
Come, Cupid, Diana hath devised new labors for you that are god of loves. You shall
weave samplers all night, and lackey after Diana all day. You shall shortly shoot at beasts for men because you have made beasts of men, and wait on ladies’ trains because thou entrappest ladies by trains. All the stories that are in Diana’s arras which are of love you must pick out with your needle, and in that place sew Vesta with her nuns and Diana with her nymphs. How like you this, Cupid?
all night, and lackey after Diana all day. You shall shortly shoot at beasts for men because you have made beasts of men, and wait on ladies’ trains because thou entrappest ladies by trains. All the stories that are in Diana’s arras which are of love you must pick out with your needle, and in that place sew Vesta with her nuns and Diana with her nymphs. How like you this, Cupid?4.2.Sp47Cupid
Exeunt.
You shall find me so busy in your heads that you shall wish I had been idle with your
hearts.
4.3
Enter Neptune alone.4.3.Sp1Neptune
Exit.
This day is the solemn sacrifice at this tree, wherein the fairest virgin (were not
the inhabitants faithless) should be offered unto me. But so over-careful are fathers
to their children that they forget the safety of their country, and, fearing to become
unnatural, become unreasonable. Their sleights may blear men; deceive me they cannot. I will be here at the hour, and show as great cruelty as
they have done craft, and well shall they know that Neptune should have been entreated,
not cozened.
; deceive me they cannot. I will be here at the hour, and show as great cruelty as
they have done craft, and well shall they know that Neptune should have been entreated,
not cozened.4.4
Enter Galatea and Phillida.4.4.Sp1Phillida
I marvel what virgin the people will present. It is happy you are none, for then it would have fallen to your lot, because you are so fair.
you are none, for then it would have fallen to your lot, because you are so fair.4.4.Sp3Phillida
I pray thee, sweet boy, flatter not me. Speak truth of thyself, for in mine eye of
all the world thou art fairest.
4.4.Sp4Galatea
These be fair words, but far from thy true thoughts. I know mine own face in a true
glass, and desire not to see it in a flattering mouth.
, and desire not to see it in a flattering mouth.4.4.Sp5Phillida
Oh, would I did flatter thee, and that fortune would not flatter me! I love thee as a brother, but love not me so.
, and that fortune would not flatter me! I love thee as a brother, but love not me so.4.4.Sp7Phillida
Seeing we are both boys, and both lovers, that our affection may have some show and
seem as it were love, let me call thee mistress.
.4.4.Sp14Galatea
Because I dreamt that if I were there I should be turned to a virgin, and then being
so fair (as thou say’st I am) I should be offered, as thou knowest one must. But will
not you be there?
4.4.Sp17Phillida
Exit.
But I would escape it by deceit. But seeing we are resolved to be both absent, let
us wander into these groves till the hour be past.
4.4.Sp21Phillida
Exit.
I will. — Poor Phillida, what shouldst thou think of thyself, that lovest one that, I fear
me, is as thyself is? And may it not be that her father practiced the same deceit
with her that my father hath with me, and, knowing her to be fair, feared she should
be unfortunate? If it be so, Phillida, how desperate is thy case! If it be not, how
doubtful! For if she be a maiden, there is no hope of my love; if a boy, a hazard.
I will after him or her, and lead a melancholy life, that look for a miserable death.
. — Poor Phillida, what shouldst thou think of thyself, that lovest one that, I fear
me, is as thyself is? And may it not be that her father practiced the same deceit
with her that my father hath with me, and, knowing her to be fair, feared she should
be unfortunate? If it be so, Phillida, how desperate is thy case! If it be not, how
doubtful! For if she be a maiden, there is no hope of my love; if a boy, a hazard.
I will after him or her, and lead a melancholy life, that look for a miserable death.5.1
Enter Rafe alone.5.1.Sp1Rafe
Enter Robin.
No more masters now, but a mistress, if I can light on her. An astronomer! Of all
occupations that’s the worst. Yet well fare the Alchemist, for he keeps good fires though he gets no gold; the other stands warming himself by staring on the stars, which I think he can as soon number
as know their virtues. He told me a long tale of octogessimus octavus, and the meeting of the conjunctions and planets, and in the meantime he fell backward
himself into a pond. I asked him why he foresaw not that by the stars. He said he
knew it but contemned it. But soft, is not this my brother Robin?
the Alchemist, for he keeps good fires though he gets no gold; the other stands warming himself by staring on the stars, which I think he can as soon number
as know their virtues. He told me a long tale of octogessimus octavus, and the meeting of the conjunctions and planets, and in the meantime he fell backward
himself into a pond. I asked him why he foresaw not that by the stars. He said he
knew it but contemned it. But soft, is not this my brother Robin?5.1.Sp5Rafe
I have had two masters, not by art but by nature. One said that by multiplying he would make of a penny ten pound.
he would make of a penny ten pound.5.1.Sp7Rafe
Could he do it, quoth you? Why, man, I saw a pretty wench come to his shop, where
with puffing, blowing, and sweating, he so plied her that he multipled her.
, he so plied her that he multipled her.5.1.Sp15Rafe
Tush, this was nothing. He would of a little fasting spittle make a hose and doublet of cloth of silver.
make a hose and doublet of cloth of silver.5.1.Sp16Robin
Would I had been with him! For I have had almost no meat but spittle since I came to the woods.
but spittle since I came to the woods.5.1.Sp18Robin
Why, man, I served a fortune-teller, who said I should live to see my father hanged
and both my brothers beg. So I conclude the mill shall be mine, and I live by imagination still.
shall be mine, and I live by imagination still.5.1.Sp19Rafe
He shows Robin a list of astrological names
Thy master was an ass, and looked on the lines of thy hands. But my other master was an astronomer, which could pick my nativity out of the stars.
I should have half a dozen stars in my pocket if I have not lost them, but here they
be: Sol, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus.
. But my other master was an astronomer, which could pick my nativity out of the stars.
I should have half a dozen stars in my pocket if I have not lost them, but here they
be: Sol, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus.5.1.Sp21Rafe
Ay, but by these he gathereth that I was a Jovalist born of a Thursday, and that I should be a brave Venerian and get all my good luck on a Friday.
, and that I should be a brave Venerian and get all my good luck on a Friday.5.1.Sp23Rafe
Enter Peter, not seeing the other two at first.
Robin, Venus orta mari: Venus was born of the sea, the sea will have fish, fish must have wine, wine will
have flesh, for caro carnis genus est muliebre. But soft, here cometh that notable villain that once preferred me to the Alchemist.
. But soft, here cometh that notable villain that once preferred me to the Alchemist.5.1.Sp25Rafe
(
Aside to Robin
) Robin, thou shalt see me fit him. So I had a servant, I care neither for his conditions,
his qualities, nor his person.
, nor his person.5.1.Sp26Peter
(
Seeing them
) What, Rafe? well met. No doubt you had a warm service of my master the alchemist?
service of my master the alchemist?5.1.Sp27Rafe
’Twas warm indeed, for the fire had almost burnt out mine eyes, and yet my teeth still
watered with hunger, so that my service was both too hot and too cold. I melted all my meat and made only my slumber thoughts, and so had a full head and an empty belly. But where hast thou been since?
with hunger, so that my service was both too hot and too cold. I melted all my meat and made only my slumber thoughts, and so had a full head and an empty belly. But where hast thou been since?5.1.Sp28Peter
With a brother of thine, I think, for he hath such a coat, and two brothers (as he saith) seeking of fortunes.
, and two brothers (as he saith) seeking of fortunes.5.1.Sp31Peter
He hath gotten a master now, that will teach him to make you both his younger brothers.
5.1.Sp32Rafe
Ay, thou passest for devising impossibilities. That’s as true as thy master could make silver pots
of tags of points.
for devising impossibilities. That’s as true as thy master could make silver pots
of tags of points.5.1.Sp34Rafe
Exeunt.
Nay, if he be both our cozens, I will be his great grandfather, and Robin shall be his uncle. But, I pray thee, bring us to him quickly, for I am great-bellied with conceit till I see him.
, I will be his great grandfather, and Robin shall be his uncle. But, I pray thee, bring us to him quickly, for I am great-bellied with conceit till I see him.5.2
Enter Augur and Ericthinis.5.2.Sp1Augur
Bring forth the virgin, the fatal virgin, the fairest virgin, if you mean to appease Neptune and preserve your country.
virgin, the fairest virgin, if you mean to appease Neptune and preserve your country.5.2.Sp2Ericthinis
Enter Hebe, with otherHere she cometh, accompanied only with men, because it is a sight unseemly (as all
virgins say) to see the misfortune of a maiden, and terrible to behold the fierceness
of Agar the monster.
, to the sacrifice.
She is bound to the tree.
5.2.Sp3Hebe
Miserable and accursed Hebe, that, being neither fair nor fortunate, thou shouldst
be thought most happy and beautiful! Curse thy birth, thy life, thy death, being born
to live in danger and, having lived, to die by deceit. Art thou the sacrifice to appease
Neptune and satisfy the custom, the bloody custom, ordained for the safety of thy
country? Ay, Hebe, poor Hebe: men will have it so, whose forces command our weak natures.
Nay, the gods will have it so, whose powers dally with our purposes. The Egyptians
never cut their dates from the tree, because they are so fresh and green; it is thought
wickedness to pull roses from the stalks in the garden of Palestine, for that they
have so lively a red; and whoso cutteth the incense tree in Arabia before it fall
committeth sacrilege.
Shall it only be lawful amongst us in the prime of youth and pride of beauty to
destroy both youth and beauty, and what was honored in fruits and flowers as a virtue
to violate in a virgin as a vice? But alas! Destiny alloweth no dispute. Die, Hebe,
Hebe, die! Woeful Hebe, and only accursed Hebe! Farewell the sweet delights of life, and welcome now the bitter pangs
of death! Farewell, you chaste virgins, whose thoughts are divine, whose faces fair, whose fortunes are agreeable to your affections! Enjoy, and long enjoy, the pleasure of your curled locks, the amiableness of your
wished looks, the sweetness of your tuned voices, the content of your inward thoughts, the pomp of your outward shows. Only
Hebe biddeth farewell to all the joys that she conceived and you hope for, that she
possessed and you shall. Farewell, the pomp of princes’ courts, whose roofs are embossed
with gold and whose pavements are decked with fair ladies; where the days are spent
in sweet delights, the nights in pleasant dreams; where chastity honoreth affections
and commandeth, yieldeth to desire and conquereth!
Shall it only be lawful amongst us in the prime of youth and pride of beauty to
destroy both youth and beauty, and what was honored in fruits and flowers as a virtue
to violate in a virgin as a vice? But alas! Destiny alloweth no dispute. Die, Hebe,
Hebe, die! Woeful Hebe, and only accursed Hebe! Farewell the sweet delights of life, and welcome now the bitter pangs
of death! Farewell, you chaste virgins, whose thoughts are divine, whose faces fair, whose fortunes are agreeable to your affections! Enjoy, and long enjoy, the pleasure of your curled locks, the amiableness of your
wished looks, the sweetness of your tuned voices, the content of your inward thoughts, the pomp of your outward shows. Only
Hebe biddeth farewell to all the joys that she conceived and you hope for, that she
possessed and you shall. Farewell, the pomp of princes’ courts, whose roofs are embossed
with gold and whose pavements are decked with fair ladies; where the days are spent
in sweet delights, the nights in pleasant dreams; where chastity honoreth affections
and commandeth, yieldeth to desire and conquereth!5.2.Sp4
They wait, but no monster comes.
Farewell, the sovereign of all virtue and goddess of all virgins, Diana, whose perfections
are impossible to be numbered and therefore infinite, never to be matched and therefore
immortal! Farewell, sweet parents, yet, to be mine, unfortunate parents! How blessed had you been in barrenness! How happy had I been
if I had not been! Farewell, life, vain life, wretched life, whose sorrows are long, whose end doubtful,
whose miseries certain, whose hopes innumerable, whose fears intolerable! Come, Death,
and welcome, Death, whom nature cannot resist, because necessity ruleth, nor defer
because destiny hasteth! Come, Agar, thou unsatiable monster of maidens’ blood and
devourer of beauty’s bowels. Glut thyself till thou surfeit, and let my life end thine. Tear these tender joints with thy greedy jaws, these yellow locks with thy black
feet, this fair face with thy foul teeth. Why abatest thou thy wonted swiftness? I
am fair; I am a virgin; I am ready. Come, Agar, thou horrible monster, and farewell,
world, thou viler monster!
, unfortunate parents! How blessed had you been in barrenness! How happy had I been
if I had not been! Farewell, life, vain life, wretched life, whose sorrows are long, whose end doubtful,
whose miseries certain, whose hopes innumerable, whose fears intolerable! Come, Death,
and welcome, Death, whom nature cannot resist, because necessity ruleth, nor defer
because destiny hasteth! Come, Agar, thou unsatiable monster of maidens’ blood and
devourer of beauty’s bowels. Glut thyself till thou surfeit, and let my life end thine. Tear these tender joints with thy greedy jaws, these yellow locks with thy black
feet, this fair face with thy foul teeth. Why abatest thou thy wonted swiftness? I
am fair; I am a virgin; I am ready. Come, Agar, thou horrible monster, and farewell,
world, thou viler monster!5.2.Sp5Augur
Hebe is unbound.
The monster is not come, and therefore I see Neptune is abused, whose rage will, I fear me, be both infinite and intolerable. Take in this virgin,
whose want of beauty hath saved her own life and destroyed all yours.
, whose rage will, I fear me, be both infinite and intolerable. Take in this virgin,
whose want of beauty hath saved her own life and destroyed all yours.5.2.Sp8Hebe
Fortunate Hebe, how shalt thou express thy joys? Nay, unhappy girl, that art not the
fairest. Had it not been better for thee to have died with fame than to live with
dishonor, to have preferred the safety of thy country and rareness of thy beauty before
sweetness of life and vanity of the world? But alas! Destiny would not have it so.
Destiny could not, for it asketh the beautifullest. I would, Hebe, thou hadst been
beautifullest.
5.2.Sp9Ericthinis
Exeunt.
Come, Hebe, here is no time for us to reason. It had been best for us thou hadst been
most beautiful.
5.3
Enter Phillida and Galatea.5.3.Sp1Phillida
We met the virgin that should have been offered to Neptune. Belike either the custom
is pardoned or she not thought fairest.
5.3.Sp5Phillida
I am glad he doth not, though, because if he did I should have also cause to fear. But soft, what man or god is this? Let us closely withdraw ourselves into the thickets.(Exeunt ambo. )
(Enter Neptune alone.)
, though, because if he did I should have also cause to fear. But soft, what man or god is this? Let us closely withdraw ourselves into the thickets.(Exeunt ambo. )
(Enter Neptune alone.)
5.3.Sp6Neptune
Enter Diana with her nymphs.
And do men begin to be equal with gods, seeking by craft to overreach them that by
power oversee them? Do they dote so much on their daughters that they stick not to dally with our deities? Well shall the inhabitants see that destiny cannot
be prevented by craft nor my anger be appeased by submission. I will make havoc of
Diana’s nymphs. My temple shall be dyed with maidens’ blood, and there shall be nothing
more vile then to be a virgin. To be young and fair shall be accounted shame and punishment,
insomuch as it shall be thought as dishonorable to be honest as fortunate to be deformed.
not to dally with our deities? Well shall the inhabitants see that destiny cannot
be prevented by craft nor my anger be appeased by submission. I will make havoc of
Diana’s nymphs. My temple shall be dyed with maidens’ blood, and there shall be nothing
more vile then to be a virgin. To be young and fair shall be accounted shame and punishment,
insomuch as it shall be thought as dishonorable to be honest as fortunate to be deformed.5.3.Sp7Diana
Enter Venus.
O Neptune, hast thou forgotten thyself, or wilt thou clean forsake me? Hath Diana
therefore brought danger to her nymphs because they be chaste? Shall virtue suffer
both pain and shame, which always deserveth praise and honor?
5.3.Sp8Venus
Praise and honor, Neptune; nothing less, except it be commendable to be coy and honorable to be peevish. Sweet Neptune, if Venus
can do anything, let her try it in this one thing: that Diana may find as small comfort
at thy hands as Love hath found courtesy at hers. This is she that hateth sweet delights, envieth loving
desires, masketh wanton eyes, stoppeth amorous ears, bridleth youthful mouths, and,
under a name or a word “constancy,” entertaineth all kind of cruelty. She hath taken my son Cupid — Cupid, my lovely son — using him
like a prentice, whipping him like a slave, scorning him like a beast. Therefore,
Neptune, I entreat thee by no other god than the god of love that thou evil entreat this goddess of hate.
, Neptune; nothing less, except it be commendable to be coy and honorable to be peevish. Sweet Neptune, if Venus
can do anything, let her try it in this one thing: that Diana may find as small comfort
at thy hands as Love hath found courtesy at hers. This is she that hateth sweet delights, envieth loving
desires, masketh wanton eyes, stoppeth amorous ears, bridleth youthful mouths, and,
under a name or a word “constancy,” entertaineth all kind of cruelty. She hath taken my son Cupid — Cupid, my lovely son — using him
like a prentice, whipping him like a slave, scorning him like a beast. Therefore,
Neptune, I entreat thee by no other god than the god of love that thou evil entreat this goddess of hate.5.3.Sp9Neptune
I muse not a little to see you two in this place, at this time, and about this matter. But
what say you, Diana, have you Cupid captive?
not a little to see you two in this place, at this time, and about this matter. But
what say you, Diana, have you Cupid captive?5.3.Sp10Diana
I say there is nothing more vain than to dispute with Venus, whose untamed affections
have bred more brawls in heaven than is fit to repeat in earth or possible to recount
in number. I have Cupid, and will keep him — not to dandle in my lap, whom I abhor
in my heart, but to laugh him to scorn that hath made in my virgins’ hearts such deep
scars.
5.3.Sp11Venus
Scars, Diana, call you them that I know to be bleeding wounds? Alas, weak deity! It
stretcheth not so far, both to abate the sharpness of his arrows and to heal the hurts.
No, love’s wounds, when they seem green, rankle, and, having a smooth skin without, fester to the death within. Therefore, Neptune, if ever Venus stood thee in stead, furthered thy fancies, or shall at all times be at thy command, let either Diana bring her virgins to a
continual massacre or release Cupid of his martyrdom .
, rankle, and, having a smooth skin without, fester to the death within. Therefore, Neptune, if ever Venus stood thee in stead, furthered thy fancies, or shall at all times be at thy command, let either Diana bring her virgins to a
continual massacre or release Cupid of his martyrdom .5.3.Sp12Diana
It is known, Venus, that your tongue is as unruly as your thoughts, and your thoughts
as unstayed as your eyes. Diana cannot chatter; Venus cannot choose.
.5.3.Sp13Venus
It is an honor for Diana to have Venus mean ill, when she so speaketh well. But you shall see I come not to trifle. Therefore once again, Neptune, if that be
not buried which can never die — fancy — or that quenched which must ever burn — affection — show thyself the same Neptune that I knew thee to be when thou wast a shepherd,
and let not Venus’s words be vain in thine ears, since thine were imprinted in my
heart.
But you shall see I come not to trifle. Therefore once again, Neptune, if that be
not buried which can never die — fancy — or that quenched which must ever burn — affection — show thyself the same Neptune that I knew thee to be when thou wast a shepherd,
and let not Venus’s words be vain in thine ears, since thine were imprinted in my
heart.5.3.Sp14Neptune
It were unfit that goddesses should strive, and it were unreasonable that I should
not yield. And therefore to please both, both attend. Diana I must honor; her virtue
deserveth no less. But Venus I must love; I must confess so much. Diana, restore Cupid
to Venus, and I will forever release the sacrifice of virgins. If therefore you love
your nymphs as she doth her son, or prefer not a private grudge before a common grief, answer what you will do.
grief, answer what you will do.5.3.Sp15Diana
I account not the choice hard, for, had I twenty Cupids, I would deliver them all
to save one virgin, knowing love to be a thing of all the vainest, virginity to be
a virtue of all the noblest. I yield. — Larissa, bring out Cupid.(
Exit Larissa.
)
And now shall it be said that Cupid saved those he thought to spoil.
those he thought to spoil.5.3.Sp16Venus
I agree to this willingly, for I will be wary how my son wander again. But Diana cannot
forbid him to wound.
5.3.Sp19Neptune
Enter Larissa with Cupid.
Well, I am glad you are agreed, and say that Neptune hath dealt well with beauty and chastity.
that Neptune hath dealt well with beauty and chastity.5.3.Sp21Venus
(
To Cupid
) Sir boy, where have you been? Always taken, first by Sappho, now by Diana. How happeneth it, you I unhappy elf?
, now by Diana. How happeneth it, you I unhappy elf?5.3.Sp22Cupid
Coming through Diana’s woods, and seeing so many fair faces with fond hearts, I thought
for my sport to make them smart, and so was taken by Diana.
5.3.Sp25Venus
Alas, poor boy! Thy wings clipped? Thy brands quenched? Thy bow burnt? And thy arrows broke?
quenched? Thy bow burnt? And thy arrows broke?5.3.Sp26Cupid
Enter Tityrus and Melibeus. Enter Galatea and Phillida, who follow at a distance, unseen at first by the characters on stage.
Ay, but it skilleth not. I bear now mine arrows in my eyes, my wings on my thoughts, my brands in mine ears,
my bow in my mouth, so as I can wound with looking, fly with thinking, burn with hearing, shoot with speaking.
. I bear now mine arrows in my eyes, my wings on my thoughts, my brands in mine ears,
my bow in my mouth, so as I can wound with looking, fly with thinking, burn with hearing, shoot with speaking.5.3.Sp39Galatea
(
To herself
) And wast thou all this while enamored of Phillida, that sweet Phillida?
5.3.Sp40Phillida
(
To herself
) And couldst thou doat upon the face of a maiden, thyself being one, on the face of
fair Galatea?
5.3.Sp42Galatea
I had thought the habit agreeable with the sex, and so burned in the fire of mine own fancies.
, and so burned in the fire of mine own fancies.5.3.Sp43Phillida
I had thought that in the attire of a boy there could not have lodged the body of
a virgin, and so was inflamed with a sweet desire which now I find a sour deceit.
5.3.Sp44Diana
Now things falling out as they do, you must leave these fond-found affections. Nature will have it so; necessity must.
affections. Nature will have it so; necessity must.5.3.Sp47Neptune
An idle choice, strange and foolish, for one virgin to dote on another, and to imagine
a constant faith where there can be no cause of affection. — How like you this, Venus?
5.3.Sp48Venus
I like well and allow it. They shall both be possessed of their wishes, for never
shall it be said that Nature or Fortune shall overthrow Love and Faith.(To Galatea and Phillida) Is your love unspotted, begun with truth, continued with constancy, and not to be
altered till death?
5.3.Sp54Venus
What is to Love or the mistress of love unpossible? Was it not Venus that did the like to Iphis and Ianthes?(
To Galatea and Phillida
) How say ye? Are ye agreed? One to be a boy presently?
or the mistress of love unpossible? Was it not Venus that did the like to Iphis and Ianthes?(
To Galatea and Phillida
) How say ye? Are ye agreed? One to be a boy presently?5.3.Sp58Tityrus
(
To Galatea
) Take me with you, Galatea: I will keep you as I begat you, a daughter.
, Galatea: I will keep you as I begat you, a daughter.5.3.Sp65Venus
Well, you are both fond. Therefore agree to this changing, or suffer your daughters to endure hard chance.
. Therefore agree to this changing, or suffer your daughters to endure hard chance.5.3.Sp74Venus
Enter Rafe, Robin, and Dick.
Then let us depart. Neither of them shall know whose lot it shall be till they come
to the church door. One shall be. Doth it suffice?
One shall be. Doth it suffice?5.3.Sp77Rafe
Come, Robin, I am glad I have met with thee, for now we will make our father laugh
at these tales.
5.3.Sp81Rafe
We do not mean fortune-tellers, we mean fortune tellers. We can tell what fortune
we have had these twelve months in the woods.
5.3.Sp92Rafe
Exeunt.
Content? Never better content! For there we shall be sure to fill our bellies with
capons’ rumps, or some such dainty dishes.
The Epilogue
Galatea comes forward as the rest leave.Epi.Sp1Galatea
Exit.
Go all, ’tis I only that conclude all. You ladies may see that Venus can make constancy fickleness, courage cowardice, modesty lightness,
working things impossible in your sex and tempering hardest hearts like softest wool.
Yield, ladies, yield to love, ladies, which lurketh under your eyelids whilst you
sleep and playeth with your heartstrings whilst you wake; whose sweetness never breedeth
satiety, labor weariness, nor grief bitterness. Cupid was begotten in a mist, nursed in clouds, and sucking only upon conceits. Confess him a conqueror, whom ye ought to regard, sith it is unpossible to resist; for this is infallible, that love conquereth all things
but itself, and ladies all hearts but their own.
may see that Venus can make constancy fickleness, courage cowardice, modesty lightness,
working things impossible in your sex and tempering hardest hearts like softest wool.
Yield, ladies, yield to love, ladies, which lurketh under your eyelids whilst you
sleep and playeth with your heartstrings whilst you wake; whose sweetness never breedeth
satiety, labor weariness, nor grief bitterness. Cupid was begotten in a mist, nursed in clouds, and sucking only upon conceits. Confess him a conqueror, whom ye ought to regard, sith it is unpossible to resist; for this is infallible, that love conquereth all things
but itself, and ladies all hearts but their own.FINIS.
Annotations
of
after
one
Smyrna
other
Ios
other
favor
wonted
accustomed
We
the actors
breath
being allowed by your judgment to perform this play
latter
being protected by your favor
wink
shut the eyes
curious
careful
lawn
fine linen
Minerva
a statue of Athene, goddess of wisdom
syllable
neither in spectacle nor dialogue
groweth
is found
plain
open
floods
waters
attend
listen
right
rightly so
traffic
commerce
merchandise
engage in trade
copy
her character
as
as did
earth
right down to the ground
skies
having previously reached nearly to the sky
earth
Aeolus, god of the winds and servant to Neptune
sith
since
husbandmen
farmers
corn
grain
throw
shed
quills
i.e. in the nests where young birds grow feathers
froth
sea foam
weeds
seaweed
for
instead of
monstrous
unnatural
mermaids
The quarto spelling of
maremaidespreserves the rhyme with fair maids later in the line (Scragg), and emphasizes the nightmare-ish qualities of Tityrus’ tale.
fair
exceedingly beautiful
would
wish
wroth
wrath
wary
reluctant
day
on a fixed day every five years
integrity
whom neither honorable family name nor personal virtue shall
exempt from candidacy
that
I don’t know whether I agree with that
he
Neptune
against
in anticipation of
cattle
livestock
bound
tied up
bound
obligated
him
the Agar
honor
chastity
constellation
star-crossed destiny
vexing
vexatious
drawn
dragged
all
above all other young women
as
that
light
alight
fear
frighten
virtue
virtue has given me
virtue
virtue must give me
Suffer
Allow
born
since all mortals must eventually die
it
since life is meaningless without honor
fortunate
you are fortunate in having a father to find out and anticipate
those perils for you
beasts
as, for example, Zeus or Jupiter taking the guise of a swan to win
Leda, as a bull to run off with Europa, etc.
Diana
goddess of the hunt and of chastity, often emblematic of Queen
Elizabeth
stray
lose my way
though
even though
train
retinue
train
lead astray
hearts
makes hearts to have
The beginning of the wordplay on hart
(deer) and heart (organ).
ears
in order to keep jealous watch and listen for every threatening
sound
bow
hunter’s bow
hart
deer
bow
Cupid’s bow
Diana
goddess of chastity and the hunt
her
Diana’s
kind
in their inherently chaste natures
kind
too amorously inclined
practice
devise schemes
both
we both know
have
because of the consequent danger of your being chosen for the
sacrifice
affection
i.e. disfigure my appearance through grief
suffering
allowing
desire
i.e. a foolish desire to avoid wearing male attire
become
suit
becometh
is suitable to my sex
hose
trousers
coat
doublet
pleased
satiated
up
fished up out of the sea
rafter
raft
haled
tossed about
marvel
wonder
master
the ship captain
speeds
fares
wetshod
i.e. drowned, as opposed to
dryshod,with dry boots
want
lack
land
i.e. seek opportunities for robbing or begging
speed
succeed
not
cannot stomach
teeth
i.e. sharpen the teeth when they’ve been worn dull by chewing on
hard-tack
powdered
salted as a preservative
pinned
penned, confined
bottomless
i.e. with only the thin ship’s hull separating you from the
bottomless sea
reason
a rational creature
lie
dwell
upwards
i.e. totally deficient in wisdom
sun
i.e. keep track of the heavenly bodies that control the
tides
card
compass card, divided into 32
points,as the Mariner demonstrates in the following speeches
pair
i.e. a whole pack of cards
loadstone
magnetic needle
his
its
cards
compass cards; playing cards
cozenage
cheating
masters
i.e. we are unemployed
fain
gladly
points
i.e. good features; also, tags to fasten our garments
together
clout
sail
card
compass card
points
tags to fasten my clothes; also the instructions I need to succeed
by cheating
East
These are 8 points of the compass, in order clockwise, from North
to East
ill
Very poorly done
living
livelihood; also, lifetime
cozening
cheating
made
made into
twelvemonth
on this day a year from now
not
It doesn’t matter
so
provided that
Omnes … feather.
This song is omitted from the 1592 edition of
Gallathea, as are the others in this play. Blount
includes all the songs mentioned in the play except one in the 1632 edition. The
omission from the early edition is typical of the songs in Lyly’s plays (Scragg 54n87-105).
Omnes
All
drunk
drunkenly
healths
i.e. drinking down waves
slaves
i.e. sea and wind
Milk
Extort money from
blind
hidden
brave
excellent
manned
provided with companions
Stand!
i.e.
Hands up!
pursing
stealing purses
sail!
i.e.
Down you go from the ladder with a noose over your head, like a sail that is let fall
feather
i.e. We’re destined to hang and dance at a rope’s end, like a
feather in the wind
alone
still in man’s attire
habit
shape your inner feelings to conform to your male appearance and
apparel
immodest
behave in a way that seems immodest in a young woman
be
i.e. had really made me a youth
not
i.e. a young woman
fond
infatuated
jealous
apprehensive
whist
silence
myself
i.e. act the part of a youth
gate
manner of walking
untoward
clumsy
unfit
inappropriate and ill-fitting
one
stands a young man
person
not really a youth
color
pretext
salute
greet
leg
a male bow
habit
garments
pastime
have some sport
second
inferior
face
causing me to blush
Are you a maid?
Are you a virgin — a question that Galatea would interpret as
“Of what sex are you?” (JJ questions this DB’s reading here.)
train
handsome retinue
spill
interrupt
fair
handsome
deer
This is the beginning of the auditory pun on
dear/deer in this scene. Recent editors have modernized the spelling and selected
the spelling of dear that best suits the sense of the sentence in their
interpretation (Lancashire, Hunter, Scragg). However, in both the 1592 and 1632 editions
of Gallathea, the word is spelled
Deare.
wind
ran downwind so that its scent would not be detected by the
hunters and their dogs
him
headed the deer back in the direction from which it came
dear
with a familiar pun on dear/deer
pastime
interrupt her hunting
tell
count
agreed
in accord in hesitating to admit they are boys
pleasant
jocular
woods
beat the bushes with tusks to rouse the game
mouths
bay like hunting dogs; talk volubly
nothing
nothing else
deer
rouse the deer from cover by shouting
favor
approval, favorable regard
if
even if
silly
frail
brands
torches
staid
unmovable
sex
in falling in love with a person of their own sex
truant
play the truant
mother
Venus
away
excuse my truancy in being absent from my mother Venus
spend
I will have spent in vain
shifts
stratagems
ladies
i.e. ladies in the audience
silly
simple
using
wearing
god
i.e. on Cupid’s own person
love
as when Neptune took the shape of a horse to make love to Ceres
and a ram to seduce Theophane
not
do not scruple
overreached
tricked
swains
farmers
craft
i.e. by Cupid’s disguising himself as a young woman
wooden
inferior; sylvan
skreeking
shrieking or screeching
hags
evil spirits that prowl by night
boy
black with soot and smoke
spirits
stirring of distilled substances
crosslets
crucibles
fermentation
These terms describe the heating and fusing of substances until
they are vaporized, then reduced to powder and reheated until red hot, combined
with other substances, stirred until white, fermented, etc.
compassed
mastered
indurative
These alchemical instruments include various vessels used in
vaporizing and distillation, both hand-held and affixed to a wall, in order to
produce absorption, softening, and hardening.
not
The substances here include potassium nitrate, sulfuric acid,
potassium carbonate, prepared salts, tartars, disulphide of arsenic, ammonium
chloride, and various herbs and yeasts, along with lime, chalk, ashes, and
hair.
multiplication
transmutation of baser metals into precious ones
blush
at first glance
occupation
i.e. an unemployed beggar or thief
groat
four-penny piece
angels
gold coins worth 6s. 8d., featuring the archangel Michael slaying
the dragon
point
the metal sheath enclosing the tip of a lace used to fasten
clothes
pint
of pint-sized capacity
pots
i.e. All you do is pointless because you drink away all your
profits
made
assured of success
cunning
craft
spirits
i.e. basic substances
done
I want no part of this
devils
i.e. with
spirits
gross
dull
domination
i.e. most useful in alchemy
quicksilver
mercury
silver
i.e. my money in silver coins
quick
i.e. easy come, easy go
orpiment
yellow arsenic
a word … spirit
i.e. it sounds like mumbo-jumbo or abracadabra to me
ammoniac
ammonium chloride
brimstone
sulfur
blue
sulfur burns blue
alone
Leave it to me
beggar
i.e. he is shabbily dressed
bewray
reveal
four
mercury, sulfur, sulfate of arsenic, and sal ammoniac
tempered
mixed
seven
gold, silver, mercury, copper, iron, tin, and lead
pounds
would turn an investment of £1 into £8000
coals
if only I can obtain some beech charcoal, the best fuel for an
alchemical furnace
pottle
two-quart
plate
silver serving dishes
plummet
ball of lead
framed
fashioned
studies
meditates
about
speculating
hear
Can I believe my ears
Danae?
When Danae was confined by her father, King Acrisius of Argos, to
a brazen tower, Jupiter or Zeus visited her in a shower of gold, conceiving
Perseus as their son.
infinite
make infinite substances out of nothing
whist!
silence!
mine
i.e. time is money
air
i.e. get away from the furnace
mystery
a trade; also, a spiritual mystery
pains
work hard
Infinite
i.e. lots of work and lots of pain
entertain
employ
swear
solemnly promise; also, swear blasphemous oaths
gryphs
griffins
nests
i.e. line our pockets
frieze
coarse woolen cloth
science
learning
drought
thirstiness
myself
to ward off evil suggestion
thumb.
Proverbially, an honest miller was said to have a golden
thumb — a rare occurrence, since honest millers were rare. The miller would teste
the quality of the meal by rubbing it between his thumb and forefinger.
was
Alchemy is such a shabby occupation
man
servant
old
i.e., me, his former apprentice
shield
protect
mind
the mind of a boy
Melebeus
i.e. Phillida, disguised as a boy and bearing her father’s
name
thee
i.e., me (Galatea speaks to herself in the third
person)
fancy
in a fanciful dream
bow
use the male hunter’s bow instead of the woman’s spinning
tool
quoits
the throwing of a heavy plate or ring requiring manly
strength
abroad
away from home
wont
I who was accusomed
sampler
needlework
rareness
excellence
habit
garb
thee
when the maleness that you so love in
Tityrus(i.e. Galatea) is displeasing to you in yourself
times
i.e. look to see when he is most likely to be susceptible to
love
bewray
declare
conceits
fanciful thoughts
modesty
modesty able to conquer desire
imagination
an imagination that is captive to desire
fire
like the insect piralis that was fabled to live thus
precise
strict, conforming with conventional morality
brands
torches
flames
the eternal flame guarded by the Vestal Virgins in the temple of
Vesta, Roman goddess of the hearth
heart
punning on hart
made
said to be
and
and yet
This meaning of “and”persists through
the next clauses, as Galatea muses on the contradictions of chastity.
fancy
love
lunary
moonwort
Melebeus
i.e. Phillida
false
falsify, betray
Fond
Foolish and infatuated
profession
i.e. worship of Diana
bows
bend the bows in order to attach the bowstrings
strings
bowstrings
fly
the thing I should shun
riddles
Oedipus solved the riddle posed to him by the Sphinx
muse
wonder
ailest
what ails you
leaves
herbal medicines
counsel
advice
own
I blush to hear you, as you recount my sufferings in love, to
describe your own
boy
i.e. the disguised Galatea
teeth
reproach me
wakeness
wakefulness
good
might as well
Melibeus
i.e. the disguised Phillida
fond
foolish
Tyterus
i.e. the disguised Galatea
soft
wait a minute
that
I who
affection
desire
byword
trick of speech
vicious
i.e. you outdo other lovers in betrayal of your vows
near me
Pun on “physically near” and “near the truth”
recall
unsay
only
If I were the only one to feel
incident
it being liable to happen
one
one nymph
deadly
extremely
virtue
scorns chastity as common and vulgar
stately
imposingly dignified
amaze
daunt
boy
Tityrusor Galatea
she
Ramia
boy
Melibeusor Phillida
Melibeus
i.e. the disguised Phillida
have
insists on having
Tityrus
i.e. the disguised Galatea
swath-clouts
swaddling clothes
conceits
ideas
like
likely
overreachest
you overpower
fond
foolish
reach
things contrary to what we hope for
Tityrus
the disguised Galatea
nobody
not among the living
framed
made
water
i.e. the external appearance does not represent the inner
substance
toy
foolish trifle
humor
obsession
to
resembling
servant
a man who is devoted to the service of a lady
habit
garb
face
i.e., you
Admit
Suppose
doubtful
ambiguous and doubt-inspiring
simple
or I am too simpleminded, being a girl, to understand
disdain
disdainfully too proud
understand
in not understanding
that
because
mold
or knowing him/herself to be in fact a woman like them
so
provided that
fond
foolish; devoted
boy
Peter
veriest
most utter
end
fulfillment
measure
steady temperature
breasts
voices
so as
so that
of
among
blast
i.e. impossible tasks
dram
small amount
as
provided that
temperatures
temperament
Con-dog
since a cur is a dog
art
i.e. alchemy
you
as the saying goes
multiplieth
transmutes metals
wanteth
lacks
meat
food
man
i.e. intent on his book, as though it contained religious
instruction
salute
greet
feet
like the proverbial absent-minded philosopher, so intently
contemplating the heavens that he is unaware of what lies at his feet
astronomer
i.e. astrologer
Ipsissimus
the very same
annus
i.e. 1588, the year of the Spanish Armada
list
wish
lime-twigs
twigs coated with sticky substance to snare birds
a-batfowling
beat down birds at roost with a bat or club
cunning
cleverness
sky
below the upper limit of the sky
signs
constellations
zodiacs
the ecliptic or pathway in the stars that contains the twelve
signs of the zodiac and through which the sun and planets move
taverns
where tavern signboards might feature such zodiacal signs as Aries
the Ram, Taurus the Bull, Cancer the Crab, Leo the Lion, etc.
compass
encompass, achieve
head.
These asssociations of the twelve zodiacal constellations with
various parts of the body were a central part of astrological lore.
ewe
i.e. an unfaithful female who makes her husband a cuckold, with
horns like those of the ram
Bull
Taurus
Capricornus
the Goat
signs
signs of horned animals, suggesting cuckoldry
thoughts
aspire to wisdom
tell
count
’clips
eclipse
coney
rabbit
purse-net
a net that can be drawn tight at the mouth by a draw-string
number
the year in which the sun and the moon return to the relationship
from which they began
epact
the age in days of the moon on the first day of the year,
beginning March 22
prime
the date of the first new moon in the year
multiplication
transmuting metals
year
sixty years from now
astronomical
judicial astrology, used to predict momentous events like the
deaths of monarchs
hail-fellows
close companions
amiable
lovable
drib
dribble, shoot feebly
leas
meadows
nymph
i.e. Cupid, disguised as a young woman
burn
caused by Psyche’s accidentally spilling hot oil on her beloved
Cupid’s shoulder
leaf
an invented myth
Medea
a sorceress who was deserted by Jason and then killed their two
children
bird
another invented detail
Calypso
goddess who detained Odysseus for years (Odyssey, Book 1)
shame
or bring shame to her nymphs
addle
i.e. confused, empty
onyx
a precious stone; the characteristics ascribed to it here are
fanciful
moly
a magical herb given by Hermes or Mercury to Odysseus to protect
him against Circe’s powers of enchantment (Odyssey, Book 10)
abateth
blunts or beats back
sun
a legend telling how the old eagle finds renewal by exposing
itself to excessive heat of the sun, then plunging into cold water in order to
shed its old plumage
shadow
i.e. the ephemeral pursuit of amorous love
ibes
ibises
sights
i.e. grow old and blind
one
your thoughts
other
your faces
eyes
Just imagine
trulls
strumpets
ends
their unhappy endings as a result of amorous dalliance
without
in outward appearance
within
in reality
owls
According to one legendary account, when the jolly satyr Silenus
ascended to the skies, the ass on which he rode was placed among the stars and his
pictures of apes and owls were covered over by embroidered representations of
lions and eagles.
Juno
For attempting to win the love of Hera or Juno, Ixion was tricked
by Zeus or Jupiter into making love to a cloud, Nephele, that resembled Juno. By
this cloud Ixion fathered the centaurs.
others
a popular legend about the eagle
labors
patient workers in the cause of chaste virtue
samplers
fancy needlework
pelting
paltry
colors
pretty complexions and deceptive appearances
chase
hunting ground
that
what
unacquainted
unfamiliar, strange
bear
tolerate
the color of
pretext of your being
deity
her power as a goddess
policy
stratagems
wishes
vain hopes
golden
glorious
golden
gilded
rods
for discipline and chastisement
Circes
i.e.you will be infatuated not with an ennobling and spiritual
love but with base enchantment
game
her hunting, and her nymphs whom you have hunted
shall
will be prevented
to
as
thoughts
i.e. despite my inclination to exercise a godlike mercy, or to
have nothing to do with you, or, conversely, to revenge myself on you more
harshly
smart
the sting of the whip
have
take
Populus
the people
Augur
Prognosticating priest
sacrifice
sacrificial victim
nature
the natural affection of a father for his daughter
swath-clout
swaddling clothes
sheet
sheet in which a dead body is wrapped
comfortable
comforting
inconvenience
public misfortune
mischief
harm
color
refuse to take the dye
simple
simpleminded
overreach
outwit
ear
i.e., only a wily mouse would dare make its home near the
cat
he
anyone
cunningly
limp persuasively
will
wishes to
piece
woman
hairs
i.e., old men
fond
loving; foolish
Populus
Representing the people
froward
willful
Alter
A second representative of the people
their
get to the bottom of the fathers’
Oyez
Hear ye!
doom
sentence
cozened
cheated
pearl
i.e. as a sign of conquest
fire
the flames of passion
pirate’s
i.e. Cupid is
to trust to
expect
knots
ribbons tied in bows as love tokens
it
get to work
That
That one
she
Diana
Pluto
representing money, and confused thus with Plutus, god of
riches
of
by
colors
deceptive appearances
conceits
thoughts
see
see to it
alone
Leave him to me
samplers
fancy needlework
Diana
serve Diana as a footman
for
instead of
wait
attend
trains
retinues
trains
deceptions
arras
tapestries
Vesta
goddess of the hearth and of chastity
men
Their tricks may blear the eyes of ordinary mortals
cozened
cheated
happy
fortunate
fair
beautiful
glass
mirror
thee
I only wish that my praise of your beauty were a flattering
deception
me
mislead me with false hopes
so
do not love me merely in brotherly love
mistress
the woman I adore and serve
mistress
i.e. have noted my almost feminine-like beauty
mysteries
with a play on
Mistrisse,the Quarto spelling
will
I will love you
fare
good luck to
other
the Astronomer
virtues
astrological powers
octavus
i.e. 1588, the year of the Spanish Armada, as in 3.3
it
scorned it as merely the vicissitudes of this world
multiplying
transmuting base metals
sweating
in sexual intercourse
her
i.e. gave her a child, thereby making two persons of one
stone
the magical substance vainly sought by alchemists that could
convert all metals into gold; also, the testicles
cupboard
in the private sexual anatomy
spittle
the spittle one produces on waking up, thought to have curative
properties
meat
food
mill
the mill operated by the three brothers’ father, which Robin now
hopes will now descend to him
imagination
hoping to inherit
hands
using the art of palmistry
Sol
the sun
Thursday
born on Jove’s day and hence jovial
Venerian
a fine worshiper of Venus
Friday
Venus’s day, and also an ecclesiastical fast-day when fish was
eaten instead of flesh
flesh-day
i.e. dedicated to Venus, goddess of love
muliebre
fleshis feminine in gender (in Latin)
me
recommended me as an assistant
had
If only I had
qualities
skills
warm
invigorating, strenuous
watered
salivated
meat
flesh
thoughts
and thought incessantly about sleep and food
coat
a doublet like the one you are wearing
brothers.
This master, evidently a shystering lawyer, will devise a way to
give Dick the means to claim the right of the oldest brother and thereby inherit
all their father’s estate, the mill.
passest
you are well known
points.
That’s as likely as if your (Peter’s) former master, the
Alchemist, could transmute the metal tag-tips for fastening clothes into silver
tankards.
he
the lawyer
him
Dick
cozen
cheat
cozens
the cozener or cheater of us both; also, our sibling treating us
legally as mere cousins
uncle
i.e. we can invent genealogies for ourselves to cheat Dick in
turn
conceit
pregnant with expectations
straight
at once
Ericthinis
a citizen
fatal
doomed
other
a crowd of men
sacrilege.
These legends are imaginary.
only
uniquely
divine
dwell on divine matters
agreeable
well suited
affections
temperaments
looks
the looks you wish for
tuned
well-tuned
conquereth
i.e. where chaste love is held in honor and yields to desire in
such a way as to command and control affection in virtuous marriage
mine
because they are mine
been
been born
thine
through your gluttonous surfeiting
abused
wronged
want
lack
event
the sacrifice and its consequences
fear
since I am not a boy
not
doesn’t require a boy
fear
i.e. the fear that
Tityrus(really Galatea) would be chosen as the most beautiful boy
ambo
both
stick
scruple
honest
chaste
honor
i.e. Virtue deserves praise and honor
except
unless
Love
Cupid
entertaineth
admits
entreat
treat harshly
muse
wonder
green
raw, fresh
without
on the surface
stead
came to your aid
fancies
love-longings
martyrdom
i.e. unless Cupid is released, Diana’s nymphs will suffer
continual and violent reprisal from Venus
choose
cannot choose but chatter, being compulsively loose of
tongue
well.
I, Venus, are honored to be spoken off harshly by Diana in such
elegant language.
fancy
love
affection
desire
common
shared, general
saved
is the means of saving
Yes
Yes I can
level
aim
say
I am glad you say
Sappho
as in Lyly’s Sappho and Phao,
1584, where Cupid leaves Venus to dwell with Sappho
brands
torches
broke?
These observations may offer clues for staging.
not
it doesn’t matter
as
so that
jars.
Their pardon has been obtained not by any merit on your part, but
as a consequence of the enmity between Diana and Venus.
sex
I thought Phillida’s male attire assured a male identity
fond-found
now found to be foolish
Love
Cupid
love
Venus
Ianthes?
When a young woman was given the male name of Iphis to spare her
life but was then engaged against her will to marry the beautiful Ianthe, Iphis
and her mother prevailed on the goddess Isis to change Iphis’s sex to that of a
male, whereupon he and Ianthe were able to marry happily.
Take me with you
Understand what I have to say to you
play
sport amorously
fond
foolish
chance
bad luck
it
the decision
door.
(The audience is also left to guess, though Galatea, disguised as
a boy already as the play begins, is perhaps a logical choice to be the designated
male.)
malepartly
saucily
consort
we sing well as a trio
Basely
Poorly; singing the bass part
Meanly
(1) In mediocre fashion; (2) singing the middle part
it.
To their two voices I’ll add a third, singing the treble part (in
a song with which the original presumably concluded).
Hymen
i.e. sing as invocation, in classical tradition, Io Hymen
ladies
in the audience
bitterness.
Love’s sweet joys are never cloying, her labors are never
wearying, and the melancholy sadness she induces is never bitter.
conceits
imaginary thoughts
sith
since
Collations
mermaids
Dear
!
Enter … Phillida.
wreck
To the Mariner
He … leave.
To … Mariner.
Ay
!
Bevington changes periods to exclamation marks at comparable moments in the text.
This change here has been collated as an example.
To Rafe
Enter … alone.
!
!
heart
!
She … aside.
To herself
!
!
Aside … Phillida
Aside
Aside
Aside
Aside
Aside
To Galatea
deer
deer
deer
dear
To Diana
Aside
the
dear
!
To Phillida
To Diana
To Phillida
deer
halloo
Aside
To Galatea
Aside
To himself
Aside
Aside
lunary
Aside
Aside
Coming forward
!
Aside
twenty
Coming forward
Indicating Rafe
To Rafe
not
heart
They … themselves.
Characters
Prologue
Tityrus, father of Galatea
Galatea
Cupid
Nymph
Melibeus, father of Phillida
Phillida
Robin, brother of Rafe and Dick
Mariner
Rafe, brother of Robin and Dick
Dick, brother of Robin and Rafe
Diana
Telusa
Neptune
Peter, servant to the Alchemist
Alchemist
Eurota
Ramia
Astronomer
Larissa
Augur
Populus
Alter
Ericthinis, a citizen
Hebe
Venus, goddess of love
Prosopography
David Bevington
David Bevington was the Phyllis Fay Horton Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus
in the Humanities at the University of Chicago. His books include From
Mankindto Marlowe (1962), Tudor Drama and Politics (1968), Action Is Eloquence (1985), Shakespeare: The Seven Ages of Human Experience (2005), This Wide and Universal Theater: Shakespeare in Performance, Then and Now (2007), Shakespeare’s Ideas (2008), Shakespeare and Biography (2010), and Murder Most Foul: Hamlet Through the Ages (2011). He was the editor of Medieval Drama (1975), The Bantam Shakespeare, and The Complete Works of Shakespeare. The latter was published in a seventh edition in 2014. He was a senior editor of the Revels Student Editions, the Revels Plays, The Norton Anthology of Renaissance Drama, and The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Ben Jonson (2012). Professor Bevington passed away on August 2, 2019.
Donald Bailey
Eric Rasmussen
Eric Rasmussen is Regents Teaching Professor and Foundation Professor of English at
the University of Nevada. He is co-editor with Sir Jonathan Bate of the RSC William Shakespeare Complete Works and general editor, with Paul Werstine, of the New Variorum Shakespeare. He has received the Falstaff Award from PlayShakespeare.com for Best Shakespearean Book of the Year in 2007, 2012, and 2013.
Janelle Jenstad
Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director
of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.
John Lyly
Kate LeBere
Project Manager, 2020–2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019–2020. Textual Remediator
and Encoder, 2019–2021. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English
at the University of Victoria in 2020. During her degree she published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History
Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management
in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth
and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet
during the Russian Cultural Revolution. She is currently a student at the University
of British Columbia’s iSchool, working on her masters in library and information science.
Martin Holmes
Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVicʼs Humanities Computing and Media
Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities
projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the
Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020.
He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.
Michael Best
Michael Best is Professor Emeritus at the University of Victoria, BC. He is the Founding
Editor of the Internet Shakespeare Editions, of which he was the Coordinating Editor
until 2017. In print, he has published editions of works of Elizabethan magic and
huswifery, a collection of letters from the Australian goldfields, and Shakespeare on the Art of Love (2008). He contributed regular columns for the Shakespeare Newsletter on
Electronic Shakespeares,and has written many articles and chapters for both print and online books and journals, principally on questions raised by the new medium in the editing and publication of texts. He has delivered papers and plenary lectures on electronic media and the Internet Shakespeare Editions at conferences in Canada, the USA, the UK, Spain, Australia, and Japan.
Nicole Vatcher
Technical Documentation Writer, 2020–2022. Nicole Vatcher completed her BA (Hons.)
in English at the University of Victoria in 2021. Her primary research focus was womenʼs
writing in the modernist period.
Sarah Fowler
Sarah Fowler is a fourth-year undergraduate student in the English Honours program
at the University of Victoria. She is encoding the early editions of Gallathea as a part of her work for the Jamie Cassels Undergraduate Research Project under
Janelle Jenstad.
Tracey El Hajj
Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD
from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science
and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched
Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on
Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life.Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.
William Shakespeare
Bibliography
Hunter, G.K., ed. Galatea, by John Lyly. In Galatea and Midas, by John Lyly. Revels Plays. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000.
Lancashire, Anne Begor, ed. Gallathea and Midas, by John Lyly. Regents Renaissance Drama. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1969.
Scragg, Leah, ed. Galatea. By John Lyly. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2012.
Orgography
LEMDO Team (LEMD1)
The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project
director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators,
encoders, and remediating editors.
University of Victoria (UVIC1)
https://www.uvic.ca/Witnesses
1592 quarto text printed by Broome
1632 duodecimo text printed by Stansby
Metadata
| Authority title | Galatea |
| Type of text | Primary Source |
| Short title | Gal: M |
| Publisher | University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform |
| Series | |
| Source |
This file has been converted from IML, the SGML markup language of the Internet Shakespeare
Editions platform. IML files do not indicate the copy or copytext transcribed. LEMDO
acknowledges that we are not the main source of transcription, and that we do not
know the witness transcribed in this transcription. As time permits, we will compare
this transcription to an open-access digital surrogate and align the transcription
that surrogate. If you have worked on ISE and/or may have an idea as to the source
of this file, please contact lemdopm@uvic.ca.
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| Editorial declaration | Edited by David Bevington according to the ISE Editorial Guidelines. Re-edited by Janelle Jenstad to bring in line with DRE Editorial Guidelines. |
| Edition | |
| Encoding description | |
| Document status | IML-TEI_INP |
| License/availability |