LEMDO: Cite Shakespeare

Cite Shakespeare

Rationale

There are many scholarly editions of Shakespeare available. Editors will need to cite quotations from modernized Shakespeare texts in order to quote and discuss allusions, borrowings, turns of phrase, and passages comparable to those in the text being edited. LEMDO anthology leads should choose a single Shakespeare anthology or Shakespeare series to cite throughout their own anthology. The NISE and DRE anthologies cite preferentially from The New Oxford Shakespeare Modern Critical Edition (NOS MCE; 2016).

Editors will, of course, need to cite many editions while talking about past editorial practice.

Practice: Cite Plays from NOS

To cite from The New Oxford Shakespeare, you need the xml:id of each edited work on the NOS MCE. All plays in the NOS MCE are already in the LEMDO bibliography; for convenience, we have listed all the xml:ids below in Works in NOS Abbreviations, and xml:ids.

Note that the bibliographic entries begin with the editor of each play, not the editors of the anthology. In your citation, you will want to give the standard abbreviation for the work.

Respect the numbering system privileged in the NOS MCE. The NOS MCE privileges scene numbering for certain plays.

<quote>Something from Cyprus, as I may divine; / It is a business of some heat</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:TAYL6">
<title level="m">Oth</title> 1.2.38–39</ref>).

<quote>I dare say / This quarrel will drink blood another day</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:NEVI4">
<title level="m">1H6</title> 2.4.133–134</ref>).

<quote>So flies the reckless shepherd from the wolf</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:JOWE4">
<title level="m">3H6</title> 28.7</ref>).

Practice: Cite Deletions in NOS

To cite a section that is deleted in The New Oxford Shakespeare, cite the editor’s name followed by a comma and the full title that they provide for the play in NOS. LEMDO’s principle is to include editor’s names in citations for editorial treatments, and we consider deletions to be an editorial treatment. Cite act, scene, and lines as outlined in Practice: Cite Plays from NOS, then add “D” followed by the deletion number as given in the play text. There should be no space between “D” and the number.

Examples of Citing Deletions

<quote>Of fair King Richard, scraped from Pomfret stones</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:CONN7">Connor, <title level="m">The Second Part of Henry the Fourth</title> 1.1.173.D17</ref>).

Works in NOS, Abbreviations, and xml:ids

Play	Abbreviation	xml:id of NOS MCE Edition
Antony and Cleopatra	Ant	BOUR5
Arden of Faversham	Ardn	BOUR2
Edward III	E3	LOUG3
Hamlet	Ham	JOWE7
2 Henry IV	2H4	CONN7
2 Henry VI	2H6	LOUG2
3 Henry VI	3H6	JOWE4
King Lear	Lr	JOWE8
A Midsummer Night’s Dream	MND	BOUR3
Pericles	Per	LOUG8
Romeo and Juliet	Rom	CONN5
Taming of the Shrew	Shr	PRUI2
Timon of Athens	Tim	CONN1
Titus Andronicus	Tit	TAYL5
Troilus and Cressida	Tro	JOWE6
All is True	H8	SHAR4
All’s Well that Ends Well	AWW	LOUG7
As You Like It	AYL	CONN8
The Comedy of Errors	Err	NEVI3
Coriolanus	Cor	CONN10
Cymbeline	Cym	LOUG9
1 Henry IV	1H4	PRUI4
Henry V	H5	LOUG5
1 Henry VI	1H6	NEVI4
Julius Caesar	JC	NEVI5
King John	Jn	CONN6
Love’s Labour’s Lost	LLL	CONN4
Lucrece	Luc	CONN3
Macbeth	Mac	JOWE9
Measure for Measure	MM	BOUR4
The Merchant of Venice	MV	LOUG4
The Merry Wives of Windsor	MWW	NEVI6
Much Ado About Nothing	Ado	PRUI5
Othello	Oth	TAYL6
Passionate Pilgrim	PP	CONN12
Richard II	R2	PRUI3
Richard III	R3	JOWE5
Shakespeare’s Sonnets and a Lover’s Complaint	Son; LC¹	CONN13
Sir Thomas More: Additions	STM²	PRUI6
Tempest	Tmp	LOUG10
Twelfth Night	12N	LOUG6
The Two Gentlemen of Verona	TGV	NEVI2
The Two Noble Kinsmen	TNK	LOUG11
Venus and Adonis	Ven	CONN2
The Winter’s Tale	WT	BOUR6

Notes

1.LEMDO has separate edition portfolios for the sonnets and for Lover’s Complaint ↑

2.To cite from parts of the play not attributed to Shakespeare, you will want to look at the Arden 3 edition, edited by John Jowett (JOWE16).↑

Prosopography

Illya

Illya has a BA in English and Sociocultural Anthropology and an MA in English. Prior to joining the HCMC, he was a PhD candidate in English and Book History at the University of Toronto and worked on Records of Early English Drama and on the Modernist Archives Publishing Project. His work at the HCMC focuses on creating web-based applications for research projects led by members of the faculty of Humanities at the University of Victoria. This involves creating schemas for new and existing datasets, writing XSLT and build files to transform datasets into structured TEI and HTML formats, implementing staticSearch, and ensuring that new projects are Endings Principles compliant.

Janelle Jenstad

Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Beatrice Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.

Joey Takeda

Joey Takeda is LEMDO’s Consulting Programmer and Designer, a role he assumed in 2020 after three years as the Lead Developer on LEMDO.

Mahayla Galliford

Project Manager, 2025-present; Assistant Project Manager, 2024-2025; Research Assistant, 2021-present. Mahayla Galliford (she/her) graduated from the University of Victoria with a BA (honours with distinction) in 2024, and an MA English in 2026. Mahayla’s undergraduate research explored early modern stage directions and civic water pageantry. Her SSHRC-funded MA thesis project focuses on transcribing, editing, and encoding early modern girls’ manuscripts, specifically Lady Rachel Fane’s May Masque in collaboration with LEMDO.

Martin Holmes

Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVic’s Humanities Computing and Media Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020. He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.

Navarra Houldin

Training and Documentation Lead 2025–present. LEMDO project manager 2022–2025. Textual remediator 2021–present. Navarra Houldin (they/them) completed their BA with a major in history and minor in Spanish at the University of Victoria in 2022. Their primary research was on gender and sexuality in early modern Europe and Latin America. They are continuing their education through an MA program in Gender and Social Justice Studies at the University of Alberta where they will specialize in Digital Humanities.

Samuel Seaberg

Samuel Seaberg, a University of Victoria English undergrad, enjoys riding his bike. During the summer of 2025, he began working with LEMDO as a recipient of the Valerie Kuehne Undergraduate Research Award (VKURA). Unfortunately, due to his summer being spent primarily in working to establish an edition of Thomas Heywood’s If You Know Not Me, You Know Nobody, Part 2 and consequently working out how to represent multi-text works in a digital space, his bike has suffered severely of sheltered seclusion from the sun. Note: Samuel now works for LEMDO as the Assistant Project Manager, much to his bike’s chagrin.

Tracey El Hajj

Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life. Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.

Bibliography

Bourus, Terri and Gary Taylor, eds. The Tragedy of M. Arden of Faversham; or, The Tragedy of M. Arden of Fevershame. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 117–181. WSB aaag2304.

Bourus, Terri, ed. A Midsummer Night’s Dream. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1079–1134. WSB aaag2304.

Bourus, Terri, ed. Antony and Cleopatra. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2567–2657. WSB aaag2304.

Bourus, Terri, ed. Measure for Measure. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2195–2269. WSB aaag2304.

Bourus, Terri, ed. The Winter’s Tale. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2893–2973. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. A Pleasant Conceited Comedy Called Love’s Labour’s Lost. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 773–844. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. As You Like It. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1689–1755. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. Lucrece. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 673–721. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. Shakespeare’s Sonnets and A Lover’s Complaint. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2814–2892. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Life and Death of King John. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1135–1206. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Life of Timon of Athens. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2435–2499. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Most Excellent and Lamentable Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1001–1077. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Passionate Pilgrim. By William Shakespeare, Richard Barnfield, B. Griffin, Thomas Deloney, Christopher Marlowe, and Walter Raleigh. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1511–1527. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Second Part of Henry the Fourth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1359–1436. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. The Tragedy of Coriolanus. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2723–2813. WSB aaag2304.

Connor, Francis X., ed. Venus and Adonis. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 639–672. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. King Lear and his Three Daughters. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2347–2433. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. The Third Part of Henry the Sixth; or, The Tragedy of Richard Duke of York. By William Shakespeare, and Christopher Marlowe. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 331–406. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1997–2099. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Macbeth. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2501–2565. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Richard the Third. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 543–638. WSB aaag2304.

Jowett, John, ed. Troilus and Cressida. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1903–1992. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. All’s Well That Ends Well. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford Universtiy Press, 2016. 2271–2346. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. Cymbeline, King of Britain. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2975–3068. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. Pericles, Prince of Tyre. By William Shakespeare and George Wilkins. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2659–2722. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Comical History of the Merchant of Venice; or, The Jew of Venice. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1207–1273. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Life of Henry the Fifth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1529–1606. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Reign of King Edward the Third. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 477–542. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Second Part of Henry the Sixth; or, The First Part of the Contention. By William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 251–330. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Tempest. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 3069–3131. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Two Noble Kinsmen. By John Fletcher and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 3269–3356. WSB aaag2304.

Loughnane, Rory, ed. Twelfth Night; or, What you Will. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1827–1889. WSB aaag2304.

Neville, Sarah, ed. The Comedy of Errors. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 723–771. WSB aaag2304.

Neville, Sarah, ed. The First Part of King Henry the Sixth; or, Harry the Sixth. By Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nashe, and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 923–996. WSB aaag2304.

Neville, Sarah, ed. The Merry Wives of Windsor. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1757–1824. WSB aaag2304.

Neville, Sarah, ed. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1607–1675. WSB aaag2304.

Neville, Sarah, ed. The Two Gentlemen of Verona. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 59–116. WSB aaag2304.

Pruitt, Anna, ed. Much Ado about Nothing. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1437–1505. WSB aaag2304.

Pruitt, Anna, ed. Sir Thomas More: Additions by Shakespeare. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2103–2110. WSB aaag2304.

Pruitt, Anna, ed. The History of Henry the Fourth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 1275–1353. WSB aaag2304.

Pruitt, Anna, ed. The Taming of the Shrew. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 407–476. WSB aaag2304.

Pruitt, Anna, ed. The Tragedy of King Richard the Second. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 847–922. WSB aaag2304.

Sharpe, Will, ed. All Is True; or, The Famous History of the Life of King Henry VIII. By John Fletcher and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 3183–3268. WSB aaag2304.

Taylor, Gary, ed. The Tragedy of Othello; or, The Moor of Venice. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford University Press, 2016. 2111–2194. WSB aaag2304.

Taylor, Gary, Terri Bourus, Rory Loughnane, Anna Pruitt, and Francis X. Connor. Ed. The Most Lamentable Roman Tragedy of Titus Andronicus. By William Shakespeare, George Peele, and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford University Press, 2016, 183–249. WSB aaag2304.

Orgography

LEMDO Team (LEMD1)

The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators, encoders, and remediating editors.

Metadata

Authority title	Cite Shakespeare
Type of text	Documentation
Publisher	University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform
Series	Linked Early Modern Drama Online
Source	TEI Customization created by Martin Holmes, Joey Takeda, and Janelle Jenstad; documentation written by members of the LEMDO Team
Editorial declaration	n/a
Edition	Released with Linked Early Modern Drama Online 1.0
Encoding description	Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines
Document status	prgGenerated
Funder(s)	Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
License/availability	This file is licensed under a CC BY-NC_ND 4.0 license, which means that it is freely downloadable without permission under the following conditions: (1) credit must be given to the author and LEMDO in any subsequent use of the files and/or data; (2) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except in quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (3) commercial uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the editor and LEMDO. This license allows for pedagogical use of the documentation in the classroom.