Cite Shakespeare

Rationale

There are many editions of Shakespeare. Editors may need to cite multiple editions while talking about past editorial practice. To cite quotations from modernized Shakespeare texts in order to discuss allusions, borrowing, or other turns of phrase, anthologies should choose a single anthology or series to cite throughout the anthology. The NISE and DRE anthologies cite preferentially from The New Oxford Shakespeare (2016).

Practice: Cite Plays

To cite from The New Oxford Shakespeare, find the play in BIBL1. We cite by the editor of each play, not the editors of the anthology. Respect the numbering system used in the play. The NOS privileges scene numbering for certain plays.

Examples

<p>
  <quote>Something from Cyprus, as I may divine; / It is a business of some heat</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:TAYL6">
  <title level="m">Oth</title> 1.2.38–39</ref>).</p>
<p>
  <quote>I dare say / This quarrel will drink blood another day</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:NEVI4">
  <title level="m">1H6</title> 2.4.133–134</ref>).</p>
<p>
  <quote>So flies the reckless shepherd from the wolf</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:JOWE4">
  <title level="m">3H6</title> 28.7</ref>).</p>

Practice: Cite Deletions

To cite a section that is deleted in The New Oxford Shakespeare, cite the editor’s name (even if you are quoting the deleted section, not the editor’s commentary on this section. LEMDO’s principle is to include editor’s names in citations for editorial treatments, and we consider deletions to be an editorial treatment) followed by a comma and the full title that they provide for the play in The New Oxford Shakespeare. Cite act, scene, and lines as outlined in Practice: Cite Plays, then add “D” followed by the deletion number as given in the play text. There should be no space between “D” and the number.

Examples of Citing Deletions

<p>
  <quote>Of fair King Richard, scraped from Pomfret stones</quote> (<ref type="bibl" target="bibl:CONN7">Connor, <title level="m">The Second Part of Henry the Fourth</title> 1.1.173.D17</ref>).</p>

Works in NOS and xml:ids

Antony and Cleopatra (BOUR5)
Arden of Faversham (BOUR2)
Edward III (LOUG3)
Hamlet (JOWE7)
2 Henry IV (CONN7)
2 Henry VI (LOUG2)
3 Henry VI (JOWE4)
King Lear (JOWE8)
A Midsummer Night’s Dream (BOUR3)
Pericles (LOUG8)
Romeo and Juliet (CONN5)
Taming of the Shrew (PRUI2)
Timon of Athens (CONN1)
Titus Andronicus (TAYL5)
Troilus and Cressida (JOWE6)
All is True (SHAR4)
All’s Well that Ends Well (LOUG7)
As You Like It (CONN8)
The Comedy of Errors (NEVI3)
Coriolanus (CONN10)
Cymbeline (LOUG9)
1 Henry IV (PRUI4)
Henry V (LOUG5)
1 Henry VI (NEVI4)
Julius Caesar (NEVI5)
King John (CONN6)
Love’s Labour’s Lost (CONN4)
Lucrece (CONN3)
Macbeth (JOWE9)
Measure for Measure (BOUR4)
The Merchant of Venice (LOUG4)
The Merry Wives of Windsor (NEVI6)
Much Ado About Nothing (PRUI5)
Othello (TAYL6)
Passionate Pilgrim (CONN12)
Richard II (PRUI3)
Richard III (JOWE5)
Shakespeare’s Sonnets and a Lover’s Complaint (CONN13)
Sir Thomas More: Additions (PRUI6)
Tempest (LOUG10)
Twelfth Night (LOUG6)
The Two Gentlemen of Verona (NEVI2)
The Two Noble Kinsmen (LOUG11)
Venus and Adonis (CONN2)
The Winter’s Tale (BOUR6)

Prosopography

Isabella Seales

Isabella Seales is a fourth year undergraduate completing her Bachelor of Arts in English at the University of Victoria. She has a special interest in Renaissance and Metaphysical Literature. She is assisting Dr. Jenstad with the MoEML Mayoral Shows anthology as part of the Undergraduate Student Research Award program.

Janelle Jenstad

Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.

Joey Takeda

Joey Takeda is LEMDO’s Consulting Programmer and Designer, a role he assumed in 2020 after three years as the Lead Developer on LEMDO.

Mahayla Galliford

Project manager, 2025-present; research assistant, 2021-present. Mahayla Galliford (she/her) graduated with a BA (Hons with distinction) from the University of Victoria in 2024. Mahayla’s undergraduate research explored early modern stage directions and civic water pageantry. Mahayla continues her studies through UVic’s English MA program and her SSHRC-funded thesis project focuses on editing and encoding girls’ manuscripts, specifically Lady Rachel Fane’s dramatic entertainments, in collaboration with LEMDO.

Martin Holmes

Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVic’s Humanities Computing and Media Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020. He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.

Navarra Houldin

Training and Documentation Lead 2025–present. LEMDO project manager 2022–2025. Textual remediator 2021–present. Navarra Houldin (they/them) completed their BA with a major in history and minor in Spanish at the University of Victoria in 2022. Their primary research was on gender and sexuality in early modern Europe and Latin America. They are continuing their education through an MA program in Gender and Social Justice Studies at the University of Alberta where they will specialize in Digital Humanities.

Nicole Vatcher

Technical Documentation Writer, 2020–2022. Nicole Vatcher completed her BA (Hons.) in English at the University of Victoria in 2021. Her primary research focus was women’s writing in the modernist period.

Rylyn Christensen

Rylyn Christensen is an English major at the University of Victoria.

Tracey El Hajj

Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life. Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.

Bibliography

Bourus, Terri and Gary Taylor, eds. The Tragedy of M. Arden of Faversham; or, The Tragedy of M. Arden of Fevershame. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 117–181. WSB aaag2304.
Bourus, Terri, ed. A Midsummer Night’s Dream. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1079–1134. WSB aaag2304.
Bourus, Terri, ed. Antony and Cleopatra. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2567–2657. WSB aaag2304.
Bourus, Terri, ed. Measure for Measure. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2195–2269. WSB aaag2304.
Bourus, Terri, ed. The Winter’s Tale. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2893–2973. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. A Pleasant Conceited Comedy Called Love’s Labour’s Lost. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 773–844. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. As You Like It. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1689–1755. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. Lucrece. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 673–721. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. Shakespeare’s Sonnets and A Lover’s Complaint. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2814–2892. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Life and Death of King John. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1135–1206. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Life of Timon of Athens. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2435–2499. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Most Excellent and Lamentable Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1001–1077. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Passionate Pilgrim. By William Shakespeare, Richard Barnfield, B. Griffin, Thomas Deloney, Christopher Marlowe, and Walter Raleigh. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1511–1527. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Second Part of Henry the Fourth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1359–1436. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. The Tragedy of Coriolanus. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2723–2813. WSB aaag2304.
Connor, Francis X., ed. Venus and Adonis. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 639–672. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. King Lear and his Three Daughters. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2347–2433. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. The Third Part of Henry the Sixth; or, The Tragedy of Richard Duke of York. By William Shakespeare, and Christopher Marlowe. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 331–406. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1997–2099. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Macbeth. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2501–2565. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. The Tragedy of Richard the Third. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 543–638. WSB aaag2304.
Jowett, John, ed. Troilus and Cressida. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1903–1992. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. All’s Well That Ends Well. By William Shakespeare and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford Universtiy Press, 2016. 2271–2346. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. Cymbeline, King of Britain. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2975–3068. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. Pericles, Prince of Tyre. By William Shakespeare and George Wilkins. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2659–2722. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Comical History of the Merchant of Venice; or, The Jew of Venice. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1207–1273. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Life of Henry the Fifth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1529–1606. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Reign of King Edward the Third. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 477–542. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Second Part of Henry the Sixth; or, The First Part of the Contention. By William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 251–330. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Tempest. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 3069–3131. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. The Two Noble Kinsmen. By John Fletcher and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 3269–3356. WSB aaag2304.
Loughnane, Rory, ed. Twelfth Night; or, What you Will. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1827–1889. WSB aaag2304.
Neville, Sarah, ed. The Comedy of Errors. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 723–771. WSB aaag2304.
Neville, Sarah, ed. The First Part of King Henry the Sixth; or, Harry the Sixth. By Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nashe, and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 923–996. WSB aaag2304.
Neville, Sarah, ed. The Merry Wives of Windsor. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1757–1824. WSB aaag2304.
Neville, Sarah, ed. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1607–1675. WSB aaag2304.
Neville, Sarah, ed. The Two Gentlemen of Verona. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 59–116. WSB aaag2304.
Pruitt, Anna, ed. Much Ado about Nothing. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1437–1505. WSB aaag2304.
Pruitt, Anna, ed. Sir Thomas More: Additions by Shakespeare. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2103–2110. WSB aaag2304.
Pruitt, Anna, ed. The History of Henry the Fourth. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 1275–1353. WSB aaag2304. 1H4.
Pruitt, Anna, ed. The Taming of the Shrew. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 407–476. WSB aaag2304.
Pruitt, Anna, ed. The Tragedy of King Richard the Second. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 847–922. WSB aaag2304.
Sharpe, Will, ed. All Is True; or, The Famous History of the Life of King Henry VIII. By John Fletcher and William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 3183–3268. WSB aaag2304.
Taylor, Gary, ed. The Tragedy of Othello; or, The Moor of Venice. By William Shakespeare. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. Gary Taylor, John Jowett, Terri Bourus, and Gabriel Egan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. 2111–2194. WSB aaag2304.
Taylor, Gary, Terri Bourus, Rory Loughnane, Anna Pruitt, and Francis X. Connor. Ed. The Most Lamentable Roman Tragedy of Titus Andronicus. By William Shakespeare, George Peele, and Thomas Middleton. The New Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, 183–249. WSB aaag2304.

Orgography

LEMDO Team (LEMD1)

The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators, encoders, and remediating editors.

Metadata

Authority title Cite Shakespeare
Type of text Documentation
Publisher University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform
Series Linked Early Modern Drama Online
Source
TEI Customization created by Martin Holmes, Joey Takeda, and Janelle Jenstad; documentation written by members of the LEMDO Team
Editorial declaration n/a
Edition Released with Linked Early Modern Drama Online 1.0
Encoding description Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines
Document status prgGenerated
Funder(s) Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
License/availability
This file is licensed under a CC BY-NC_ND 4.0 license, which means that it is freely downloadable without permission under the following conditions: (1) credit must be given to the author and LEMDO in any subsequent use of the files and/or data; (2) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except in quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (3) commercial uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the editor and LEMDO. This license allows for pedagogical use of the documentation in the classroom.