LEMDO: Use LEMDO Values in IML Annotations

Use LEMDO Values in IML Annotations

IML annotations were organized into four levels: 1, 2, 3, and perf (for performance notes, used mainly by QME editors). Editors working in IML were encouraged to think about the levels according to the length of the annotation and whether or not it should appear in a printed edition.

LEMDO annotations are based on an entirely different logic, that of the challenge addressed by the annotation. Length is immaterial from LEMDO’s perspective; you will want to consult with your anthology lead about your anthology’s requirements and standards. Allowed LEMDO values are:

gloss

commentary

textual

pedagogical

performance

lexical

You will find definitions of these values in Types of Annotations

You may begin using these values in your IML, or continue to use IML’s levels. LEMDO prefers that you begin using our values because you will save our remediators a lot of time (and that in turn saves money that is better spent on new features and remediating other texts). In particular, we encourage you to start identifying notes about textual matters as "textual" instead of Level 2 or Level 3 notes. Likewise, if you have extensive commentary notes that quote from the OED or other dictionaries, please begin labelling these as "lexical" notes.

Our IML-to-TEI conversion process is expecting this encoding in your IML: <LEVEL="[value]">. As of 2021-08-04, our conversion process will convert <LEVEL="[value]"> to TEI’s


                                       <note>

element with a


                                    @type

attribute and value as follows:

Value in IML `<LEVEL="[value]">`	Post-conversion value
1, gloss	gloss
2, 3, comm, commentary	commentary
perf, performance	performance
text, textual	textual
perf, performance	performance
lex, lexical	lexical
video	video (a temporary value assigned during conversion but not ultimately allowed in the LEMDO schema; LEMDO does not treat video links as annotations)

Note that we have allowed for short forms of values in your IML. We know that many of you are typing these values out in a word processed document and expect that you may prefer to type a shorter form. We have also tried to anticipate typos and accidental reversions to the numbers of the ISE’s levels.

Substitutions and Notes

For <LEVEL="1">, start using <LEVEL="gloss">.

For <LEVEL="2"> or <LEVEL="3">, start using <LEVEL="commentary">, <LEVEL="textual">, <LEVEL="lexical">, or <LEVEL="performance"> to describe the purpose of the note rather than its length.

Note that "performance" is meant for discussions of specific performances. IML introduced this value for QME’s Performance-As-Research. LEMDO extends QME’s practice to allow the use of "performance" to describe any specific production listed in your bibliography. General speculations about early modern performance practices and observations about performance cruces that have to be solved by directors (e.g., the timing of Feste’s exit when the letter plot is fomenting in Twelfth Night) are "commentary" notes, not "performance" notes.

LEMDO’s "pedagogical" note type has no precedent in IML. LEMDO’s primary intention is to allow future scholars and teachers to add pedagogical notes to an edition. If you wish to use it to point out pedagogical opportunities or challenges in your own edition, consult with your anthology lead.

Prosopography

Isabella Seales

Isabella Seales is a fourth year undergraduate completing her Bachelor of Arts in English at the University of Victoria. She has a special interest in Renaissance and Metaphysical Literature. She is assisting Dr. Jenstad with the MoEML Mayoral Shows anthology as part of the Undergraduate Student Research Award program.

Janelle Jenstad

Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.

Joey Takeda

Joey Takeda is LEMDO’s Consulting Programmer and Designer, a role he assumed in 2020 after three years as the Lead Developer on LEMDO.

Mahayla Galliford

Project manager, 2025-present; research assistant, 2021-present. Mahayla Galliford (she/her) graduated with a BA (Hons with distinction) from the University of Victoria in 2024. Mahayla’s undergraduate research explored early modern stage directions and civic water pageantry. Mahayla continues her studies through UVic’s English MA program and her SSHRC-funded thesis project focuses on editing and encoding girls’ manuscripts, specifically Lady Rachel Fane’s dramatic entertainments, in collaboration with LEMDO.

Martin Holmes

Martin Holmes has worked as a developer in the UVic’s Humanities Computing and Media Centre for over two decades, and has been involved with dozens of Digital Humanities projects. He has served on the TEI Technical Council and as Managing Editor of the Journal of the TEI. He took over from Joey Takeda as lead developer on LEMDO in 2020. He is a collaborator on the SSHRC Partnership Grant led by Janelle Jenstad.

Navarra Houldin

Training and Documentation Lead 2025–present. LEMDO project manager 2022–2025. Textual remediator 2021–present. Navarra Houldin (they/them) completed their BA with a major in history and minor in Spanish at the University of Victoria in 2022. Their primary research was on gender and sexuality in early modern Europe and Latin America. They are continuing their education through an MA program in Gender and Social Justice Studies at the University of Alberta where they will specialize in Digital Humanities.

Tracey El Hajj

Junior Programmer 2019–2020. Research Associate 2020–2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019–2020 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life. Tracey was also a member of the Map of Early Modern London team, between 2018 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.

Orgography

LEMDO Team (LEMD1)

The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators, encoders, and remediating editors.

Metadata

Authority title	Use LEMDO Values in IML Annotations
Type of text	Documentation
Publisher	University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform
Series	Linked Early Modern Drama Online
Source	TEI Customization created by Martin Holmes, Joey Takeda, and Janelle Jenstad; documentation written by members of the LEMDO Team
Editorial declaration	n/a
Edition	Released with Linked Early Modern Drama Online 1.0
Encoding description	Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines
Document status	prgGenerated
Funder(s)	Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
License/availability	This file is licensed under a CC BY-NC_ND 4.0 license, which means that it is freely downloadable without permission under the following conditions: (1) credit must be given to the author and LEMDO in any subsequent use of the files and/or data; (2) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except in quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (3) commercial uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the editor and LEMDO. This license allows for pedagogical use of the documentation in the classroom.