A-Z Listing Compiler Leah Hamby Senior Encoder Leah Hamby Encoding and Metadata LEMDO Team Copyright Holder (Content) Kate McPherson Copyright Holder (XML and interface) University of Victoria Early Modern England Encyclopedia EMEE

Anthology Leads: Kate McPherson and Kate Moncrief.

 Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Mitacs Globalink Research Internship Utah Valley University

Released with Early Modern England Encyclopedia 1.0a

 University of Victoria on the Linked Early Modern Drama Online Platform

Unless otherwise noted, intellectual copyright in EMEE Anthology pages is held by Kate McPherson on behalf of the contributors. Copyright on the TEI-XML markup is held by the University of Victoria on behalf of the LEMDO Team. The content and TEI-XML markup in this file are licensed under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. This file is freely downloadable without permission under the following conditions: (1) credit must be given to the authors, EMEE, and LEMDO in any subsequent use of the files and /or data; (2) this availability statement must remain in the file; (3) the content cannot be adapted or repurposed (except for quotations for the purposes of academic review and citation); and (4) commercial uses are not permitted without the knowledge and consent of the authors, EMEE, and LEMDO. Neither the content nor the code in this file is licensed for training large language models (LLMs), ingestion into an LLM, or any use in any artificial intelligence applications; such uses are considered to be commercial uses and are strictly prohibited.

Early Modern England Encyclopedia

Born-digital anthology page compiled by Leah Hamby under the supervision of Kate McPherson for publication in the EMEE 1.0a anthology on the LEMDO platform

Encoded in TEI P5 according to the LEMDO Customization and Encoding Guidelines

This document uses Canadian English spelling

 Document Types All documents in LEMDO are either born-digital documents or primary documents. Within those two general categories, LEMDO offers additional ways to categorize a file. Born-digital Born-digital documents are anything other than primary texts About Documents about LEMDO or another anthology. Responsibilities Responsibilities Markup Editor A person or organization performing the coding of SGML, HTML, or XML markup of metadata, text, etc. Gloss needed. Copyright Holder A person or organization to whom copy and legal rights have been granted or transferred for the intellectual content of a work. The copyright holder, although not necessarily the creator of the work, usually has the exclusive right to benefit financially from the sale and use of the work to which the associated copyright protection applies. Normally the editor is the copyright holder for an LEMDO edition. Compiler A person, family, or organization responsible for creating a new work (e.g., a bibliography, a directory) through the act of compilation, e.g., selecting, arranging, aggregating, and editing data, information, etc. LEMDO uses the term compiler for the person who chooses and aggregates the resources included in an edition, if those resources are not all by the editor of the edition. The compiler and the editor may be the same person; in that case, the person needs two responsibility statements. Published file. Updated the metadata. commented out more articles that won’t be published in the Jan. 2026 version. Change DeMontaigne to deMontaigne. commented out articles that wont be published in the Jan. 2026 version. moved entries around to match titles rather than article names. added LondonBridge. moved items in lists around. Updated Lists Added proper heads to the sections. Added A-Z sections. Created this file with navigational links. Mark Forsyth Mark Forsyth

Mark Forsyth, a Computer Science and Honors Program student at Utah Valley University, designed the initial website for draft versions of EMEE in 2023.

 Leah Hamby Leah Hamby

Leah Hamby is the primary encoder for the Early Modern England Encyclopedia. Aside from encoding, she also works as an editor for the project and contributed several articles of her own. She has been working on the EMEE since February 2023. As of February 2026, she is soon to graduate with honours from Utah Valley University with a major in history and a minor in creative writing. Her other work with the LEMDO program includes remediating William Kemp’s Kemp’s Nine Day’s Wonder for the Digital Renaissance Editions.

 Janelle Jenstad Janelle Jenstad

Janelle Jenstad is a Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and Director of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Beatrice Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools (Routledge). She has edited John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Elizabethan Theatre, Early Modern Literary Studies, Shakespeare Bulletin, Renaissance and Reformation, and The Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. She contributed chapters to Approaches to Teaching Othello (MLA); Teaching Early Modern Literature from the Archives (MLA); Institutional Culture in Early Modern England (Brill); Shakespeare, Language, and the Stage (Arden); Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate); New Directions in the Geohumanities (Routledge); Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter); Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana); Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota); Rethinking Shakespeare Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge); and Civic Performance: Pageantry and Entertainments in Early Modern London (Routledge). For more details, see janellejenstad.com.

 Kate McPherson Kate McPherson

Kate McPherson is Professor of English and Honors Program Director at Utah Valley University (Orem, UT, USA). In 2015, she began working to redevelop Shakespeare’s Life and Times, created by Michael Best, into the Early Modern England Encyclopedia. Her other publications include commentary on Pericles and The Comedy of Errors for the New Oxford Shakespeare (2016); the co-edited volumes Stages of Engagement: Drama and Religion in Post-Reformation England with James Mardock (Duquesne University Press, 2014) and Shakespeare Expressed: Page, Stage, and Classroom in Shakespeare and His Contemporaries, with Kathryn M. Moncrief and Sarah Enloe (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2013). With Kathryn M. Moncrief, Kate has also two edited collections, Performing Pedagogy in Early Modern England: Gender, Instruction, and Performance (Ashgate, 2011) and Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate 2008). She has also published numerous articles on early modern maternity in scholarly journals. Kate participated in the 2008 National Endowment for the Humanities Institute, Shakespeare’s Blackfriars: The Study, the Stage, the Classroom, at the American Shakespeare Center. She also served as Play Seminar Director, a public humanities position, for the Utah Shakespeare Festival in 2017 and 2018.

 LEMDO Team The LEMDO Team is based at the University of Victoria and normally comprises the project director, the lead developer, project manager, junior developers(s), remediators, encoders, and remediating editors. University of Victoria https://www.uvic.ca/
A Alchemy and Chemistry in the Early Modern Era Astrology in Shakespeare’s Day Women’s Autobiographies
B Sir Francis Bacon, the Father of the Scientific Method Banquets Bawdy-Houses The Sport of Bear Baiting Blank Verse Anne Boleyn Bread and Baking in Early Modern England Brewing Beer in Early Modern England Bull-baiting
C Elizabeth Cary Pregnancy and Childbirth Children Christening a Child Civil Law in Early Modern England Lady Anne Clifford Code of Honor Cosmological Disorder in King Lear’s Tragic Universe Courtiers in Early Modern England Cutpurses
D The Dairy Districts in London Dyeing Cloth in the 16th & 17th Century
E Education for Boys Education for Girls King Edward VI Elizabeth I Elite Elizabethan Fashion Elizabeth Becomes Queen The Death of Elizabeth I Early Modern English Perceptions of Islam The Essex Rebellion Exit, pursued by a bear
F Falconry Famine and Inflation in Early Modern England Fish Markets in Early Modern England History and Definition of the Four Humours
G Gardens and Nature in Shakespeare Greene’s Attack Retracted
H Hanging Early Modern Hell Henry VIII’s First Divorce Henry VIII Philip Henslowe Mary Sidney Herbert A Housewife’s Duties Housewives As Healers The Four Humours and Literature
I The Indoor Theatres of London
J
K Keyboard Instruments in Early Modern England King James and Witchcraft Kitchens and Cooking
L The Lancashire Witches Literacy in Early Modern England Literature For Women London Bridge London’s Guild System Markets in London London Streets, Crime, and Poverty Lutes and Viols
M Christopher Marlowe: Life, Education, and Legacy The Age of Marriage The Marriage Ceremony The Social Context of Marriage Masques Michel de Montaigne Moral Crimes in Early Modern England: Ecclesiastical Law and Civil Law Music in Shakespeare’s Plays Music of the Spheres Music of Streets and Fairs
N English Narrative Poetry and Shakespeare
O Officers of the Law Othello and the Performance of Blackness Othello and Racial Identity in Early Modern England
P Papermaking and Printing A Play of Errors and Confusion The Publication of Shakespeare’s Plays Princess Elizabeth Printed Books in Early Modern England Printing Problems in Shakespeare’s Texts The Privy Council Puck and Folklore Public Punishments for Crime Puns and Wordplay
Q
R The Renaissance: The Resurrection of Knowledge Recusant Women in Elizabethan England Faith, Scripture, and Grace: Reformation in England Resistance to Gender Conventions in Early Modern England The Rising Middle Class Ruffs
S Sex and Morality in Measure for Measure Jane Seymour William Shakespeare, Actor Shakespeare’s Baptism Shakespeare and the Bible Shakespeare’s Children Characters in Shakespeare’s Sonnets Composition and Publication of Shakespeare’s Sonnets Shakespeare’s Death and Monument Shakespeare’s Early Reputation as a Writer Facts About Shakespeare Shakespeare’s Family Shakespeare’s Financial Success Shakespeare’s First Patron Shakespeare’s First Review Shakespeare Becomes a Gentleman Ghosts and Vengeance in Early Modern Theatre Shakespeare’s Linguistic Innovation Shakespeare’s Longer Poems Shakespeare’s Marriage Shakespeare’s Manuscripts Shakespeare’s New Home in Stratford Shakespeare’s Early Plays: 1589–1594 Shakespeare’s Plays from 1595 to 1600 Shakespeare’s Plays from 1601 to 1608 Shakespeare’s Late Plays and Poems Shakespeare’s Pronunciation Shakespeare in Retirement Shakespeare’s Royal Patron Scandals Involving Shakespeare Shakespeare’s Schooling Shakespeare’s Will The Text of Shakespeare’s Will Shylock and Jewish Representation Social Order: A Chain of Status The Status of Wives Early Modern Views of Suicide
T Tobacco In Early Modern England The Tower of London The Tower of London Today Tudor Tournaments Queen Mary Tudor
U The Early Modern Universe The Universities in Early Modern England
V Vagrancy in Early Modern England Venice in the 16th Century
W Mary Ward (1585–1645) Waste Management in Early Modern London Early Modern Witchcraft Accusations Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe Witches and Their Demonic Familiars Women And Cooking Women Haters: A Controversy Women as Household Managers Women Writers in Early Modern England Sir Thomas Wyatt
X
Y The Yard and Garden
Z The Zodiac Man